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The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity


from its origins to circa AD 700, across the entire Christian world


Five Greek miracle-stories of *Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073) offer a summary version of the first five stories of the Miracles of Menas ascribed to Timothy of Alexandria (see E07440). Probably written in the Middle Byzantine period.

Evidence ID

E07454

Type of Evidence

Literary - Hagiographical - Collections of miracles

Five Miracles of Menas (BHG 1269a and 1269b)

I. A man went to pray to the saint’s church and was robbed and murdered by another man. His body was cut into pieces and put in a basket. On the next day, the martyr Menas arrived and found the dismembered body, which he reassembled and revived. The saint punished the murderer for his crime, but pardoned him before living. (Summary of Timothy of Alexandria,
Miracles of Menas, Miracle 1, BHG 1257, E07441)

II. A man promised Menas to offer a silver plate with his name written on it, but he disregarded his promise and kept the plate for himself. While he was travelling by sea, his servant fell into the water with the plate. The man prayed to God promising to give back what he had stolen, if he would save his servant. When he went back to the land, he saw the servant coming from the sea with the plate in his hand. Everyone who saw the scene praised God. The servant said that he had been saved by three handsome men who took hold of him for three days and brought him back to the land. (Summary of Timothy of Alexandria,
Miracles of Menas, Miracle 2, BHG 1258, E07442)

III. A woman who was being raped asked the help of the saint. Then the rapist was dragged away from her by his horse (for he had his foot tied to the horse). When the horse stopped in front of Menas’ church, the rapist denounced himself and asked for forgiveness. (Summary of Timothy of Alexandria,
Miracles of Menas, Miracle 3, BHG 1259, E07443)

IV. The saint miraculously cured a crippled man and a mute woman who were spending the night in his shrine by appearing to the man in a dream, and instructing him to touch the mute woman’s coat. The act scared the mute woman who started shouting, and caused the crippled man to run away. Both realised that they had received a miraculous cure. (Summary of Timothy of Alexandria,
Miracles of Menas, Miracle 5, BHG 1261, E07445)

V. A Jew entrusted some money to his Christian friend. When he asked the money back, the Christian claimed to have never received it. Then, the Jew asked the Christian to swear an oath in front of the saint, which he did. When they got back to their horses, the Christian’s horse became unruly and threw him on the ground where he lost his kerchief, his keys and his gold sealing device. While they were travelling, they saw a servant holding the moneybag of the Jew on one hand and the lost key and the kerchief in the other. When they asked him, he replied that these objects were given to him by a handsome man on horseback who told him these belonged to the Jew. The Jew overjoyed and they both went back to the saint, where the Christian repented and the Jew was baptised. (Summary of Timothy of Alexandria,
Miracles of Menas, Miracle 4, BHG 1260, E07444)


Text: Bourbouhakis, Duffy 2007.
Summary: Giovanni Hermanin De Reichenfeld.

Non Liturgical Activity

Transmission, copying and reading saint-related texts
Composing and translating saint-related texts
Pilgrimage
Vow
Bequests, donations, gifts and offerings
Prayer/supplication/invocation
Saint as patron - of an individual

Miracles

Miracle after death
Punishing miracle
Apparition, vision, dream, revelation
Power over life and death
Miraculous protection - of people and their property

Protagonists in Cult and Narratives

Women
Jews and Samaritans
Pagans
Slaves/ servants
Merchants and artisans

Cult Related Objects

Precious material objects

Source

The collection is preserved in 4 manuscripts, on which see:
https://pinakes.irht.cnrs.fr/notices/recension/338/


Discussion

This collection offers an abridged and partial version of the longer Miracles of Menas, on which see E07440.


Bibliography

Text and translation:
Bourbouhakis, E., and Duffy, J., "Five Miracles of St. Menas," in: J. Nesbitt (ed.), Byzantine Authors: Literary Activities and Preoccupations: Texts and Translations Dedicated to the Memory of Nicolas Oikonomides (The Medieval Mediterranean 49; Leiden: Brilll, 2003), 65-81.


Record Created By

Giovanni Hermanin De Reichenfeld

Date of Entry

Related Saint Records
IDNameName in SourceIdentity
S00073Menas, soldier and martyr buried at Abu MenaΜηνᾶςCertain


Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL:
Giovanni Hermanin De Reichenfeld, Cult of Saints, E07454 - http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=E07454