Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 8.22) of 598, to the noblewoman Rusticiana in Constantinople, refers to the protection *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) gives to the city of Rome. Written in Latin in Rome.
E06380
Literary - Letters
Gregory the Great (pope)
Pope Gregory the Great, Register of Letters 8.22
Extracts from a letter in which Gregory urges Rusticiana, then living in Constantinople, to return to Rome:
Iam dudum uestrae excellentiae me scripsisse et saepius imminuisse reminiscor ut beati Petri apostolorum principis limina reuidere festinet.
[...]
Sin uero gladios Italiae ac bella formidatis, sollicite debetis aspicere quanta beati Petri apostolorum principis in hac urbe protectio est, in qua sine magnitudine populi et sine adiutoriis militum tot annis inter gladios illaesi deo auctore seruamur.
‘‘I remember having written to your Excellency some time ago, and I repeatedly encouraged you to revisit soon the threshold of Saint Peter, the prince of the apostles.
[...]
But if, in fact, you are afraid of the swords and wars of Italy, you should observe most carefully what great protection is given to this city by Saint Peter, prince of the apostles. For we have been preserved for so many years, unharmed amid swords, with God’s support, without a large population of people, and without the support of soldiers.’
Text: Norberg 1982, vol. 2, 541-2.
Translation: Martyn 2004, vol. 2, 517-18.
Saint as patron - of a community
MiraclesMiraculous interventions in war
Miraculous protection - of people and their property
Protagonists in Cult and NarrativesSoldiers
Foreigners (including Barbarians)
Women
Aristocrats
Source
Gregory's Register is a collection of some 854 of his letters as pope, collected into 14 books (each book representing an indictional year of his pontificate, from 1 September to 31 August) of varied length and deriving from the file-copies that were made in Rome and kept in the papal archive. The original copies survived into the ninth century, but were subsequently lost; from the late eighth century onwards, however, because of the exceptional stature that Gregory had by then attained, various collections of his letters were assembled from the original copies (the largest under Pope Hadrian I at the end of the eighth century), and these constitute the Register as we have it today.The Register does not contain all the letters that Gregory despatched as pope, since in some of those whose text survives there are references to other letters, wholly lost; but the collection we have is unique from the late antique period, and only matched in quantity and range of subjects by the registers of high-medieval popes. Recipients range from papal administrators, through prominent churchmen and aristocrats, to kings and the imperial family, and treat a wide variety of topics, from mundane administrative affairs of the papal patrimony to deep theological and moral considerations.
For the cult of saints, there is much that is of interest in the letters, but two particular concentrations of evidence stand out. The first is a clutch of around a dozen letters that mention requests for relics from Rome, or that accompanied small personal relics as gifts to influential correspondents. The second concentration of evidence relates to the dedications of churches and other ecclesiastical institutions in southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia. Because the papacy owned extensive estates in these regions, and exercised particular authority there, many of Gregory's letters mention churches and other ecclesiastical institutions, by the name of the saint to whom they were dedicated, thereby providing us with a rich panorama of the spread of both local and imported saintly cults.
Gregory's Register has been the subject of two substantial critical editions: the first by Ewald and Hartmann for the Monumenta Germaniae Historica; the second by Dag Norberg for Corpus Christianorum. The numbering of the letters is often the same in both editions, but it can differ, because Norberg removed letters (and other passages) that appear to have been added at a later date to the original Register, assigning them instead to Appendices. We have used Norberg's numbering, which is that now generally used.
Bibliography
Edition:Ewald, P. and L.M. Hartmann (eds), Gregorii I papae Registrum epistolarum, 2 vols. (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Epistolae I and II, Berlin 1891 and 1899).
Norberg, D., S. Gregorii Magni, Registrum epistularum. 2 vols. (Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 140-140A; Turnhout: Brepols, 1982).
English translation:
Martyn, J.R.C., The Letters of Gregory the Great, 3 vols. (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2004).
Further Reading:
Neil, B., and Dal Santo, M. (eds.), A Companion to Gregory the Great (Leiden: Brill, 2013).
Frances Trzeciak
30/11/2020
| ID | Name | Name in Source | Identity | S00036 | Peter, the Apostle | Petrus | Certain |
|---|
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