Site logo

The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity


from its origins to circa AD 700, across the entire Christian world


Name

All Apostles

Saint ID

S02422

Gender
Male
Type of Saint
Twelve Apostles and Paul
Related Evidence Records
IDTitle
E00397Eusebius of Caesarea, in his Life of Constantine, reports that, in the 330s, the emperor Constantine built in Constantinople a sumptuous shrine, dedicated to the Twelve *Apostles (S02422), which he intended to be his mausoleum, with his sarcophagus placed in the middle of their tombs/cenotaphs. Written in Greek in Palestine, 337/339.
E00747Bishop Nicetius of Trier, in a letter to Chlodosinda, queen of the Lombards (Austrasian Letter 8), claims that relics and churches dedicated to the saints are ineffective for Arians; he mentions Gothic veneration for the *Apostles (S02422), and alludes to churches or shrines of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Paul (the Apostle, S00008), and *John (probably the Baptist, S00020), all probably at Rome. Written in Latin, presumably at Trier (eastern Gaul), 561/569.
E01333The Syriac Acts of the Second Council of Ephesus (449) contain a story about the son of Sophronios, bishop of Tella, in which he and his Jewish friend visit the church dedicated to the *Apostles (S02422) in the city of Tella de-Mawzelat (Constantia) in Mesopotamia.
E02031Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (2.43), mentions the death of King Clovis in 511, and his burial in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Paris, which he had built with his wife, Queen Clotild. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 575/594.
E03074The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on the third Saturday of Lent the *Apostles (S02422).
E03076The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on the fifth Saturday of Lent the *Apostles (S02422).
E03737The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 12 May, in the church of the Apostles (S02422), Ephrem, an unidentified bishop of Jerusalem, probably heavily garbled, and *Epiphanios (bishop of Salamis, ob. 403, S00215).
E04334Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt, in larger and more splendid form, the ruinous church of the *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople. During the rebuilding, wooden coffins with the bodies of *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), *Luke (the Evangelist, S00442) and *Timothy (the disciple of Paul the Apostle, S00466) were discovered, identified by inscriptions; these were solemnly reburied in marked graves. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04619Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt from its foundation, and on a much larger scale, the church of *John (the Apostle and Evangelist, S00040) outside the city of Ephesus (western Asia Minor); the new church is said to have closely resembled the church of the *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople (E04334). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04639Encomion in Coptic on the *Apostles (S02422 and S00084) with an emphasis on *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008), and including an account of the life and martyrdom of *Mark (the Evangelist, S00293), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Severianos of Gabala and delivered on their feast day (29 June) at a sanctuary of the Apostles in a cemetery of an unnamed city; if by Severianos, originally delivered in Greek in the late 4th/early 5th century, probably in Constantinople.
E04903Evagrius Scholasticus, in his Ecclesiastical History (4.31), mentions the rebuilding of the shrine of the *Apostles (S02422) at Constantinople by the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565), reporting that it hosted the burials of emperors and bishops. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria), 593/594.
E05148Ambrose of Milan, in a letter to Felix bishop of Como (Letter 5), refers to the construction and dedication of a church of the *Apostles (S02422) in Lodi, near Milan. Written in Latin in Milan (northern Italy), c. 381.
E05481The empress Pulcheria, writing in Latin in Constantinople in 451, refers to the translation and burial of the remains of *Flavianos (bishop of Constantinople, ob. 449, S02069) in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) at Constantinople.
E05579Bede, in his Martyrology, records the feast on 14 July of *Phocas (here 'bishop' and martyr of Sinope, S00052), whose relics are in the basilica of the *Apostles (S02422) in Vienne (south-east Gaul). Written in Latin at Wearmouth-Jarrow (north-east Britain), 725/731.
E05740John Malalas, in his Chronographia (18.100), mentions the celebration of a festival of the *Apostles (S02422) at the locality known as the Periteichisma in Constantinople in 547. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid 6th c.
E05741John Malalas, in his Chronographia (18.109), mentions the rededication of the church of the *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople on 28 June 550. The relics of *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), *Timothy (disciple of Paul, S00466) and *Luke (evangelist, S00442), were paraded by Patriarch Menas on an imperial carriage and deposited at the church. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid 6th c.
E06076Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to Jerusalem, where he saw a cloth said to be woven by *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), depicting Christ and the twelve *Apostles (S02422). Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06079Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a cave in Jerusalem, containing the four tables where the *Apostles (S02422) sat with Christ. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06454Greek document from Hermopolis (Middle Egypt), concerning payments made in grain, mentioning an institution dedicated to the *Apostles (S00084 or S02422); datable to the early 7th century.
E06887List of subscriptions documenting foundations dedicated to saints in Constantinople, Syria, and Palestine, preserved in a petition to Pope Agapitus I from eastern monks. Written in Greek in Constantinople in 536.
E07003The Notitia Urbis Constantinopolitanae (‘Record of the City of Constantinople’) records among the principal churches inside the walls of Constantinople the shrines of *Menas (probably the soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), *Paulos (the Confessor, bishop of Constantinople, ob. c. 350, S01500), *Akakios (martyr of Byzantium, S01603), and the *Holy Apostles (S02422). Written in Latin in Constantinople in the early 5th century.
E07005The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or 'Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae'), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to all *Apostles.
E07748List of relics and diptych from the monastery of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) and *Martyrs (S02818) at Arles (southern Gaul), giving the names of saints whose relics were deposited in the monastery and the people for whom prayers were to be offered in the liturgy. The list contains the names of all the Apostles, as well as *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), *John the Baptist (S00020), and *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), together with four Gallic martyrs, *Genesius (martyr of Arles, S00263), *Symphorianus (martyr of Autun, S00322), *Baudilius (martyr of Nîmes, S00383), and *Victor (martyr of Marseille, S00382), and three Gallic bishops, *Hilary (bishop of Poitiers, ob. 367, S00183), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), and *Caesarius (bishop of Arles, ob. 542, S00491). Written in Latin at Arles, in 600/650.
E07954The Paschal Chronicle records that in 337 the emperor Constantine was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople, containing the remains of *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), *Luke (the Evangelist, S00442), and *Timothy (disciple of the Apostle Paul, S00466). Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07966The Paschal Chronicle records that the emperor Tiberius II Constantine was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople when he died in 582. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07970The Paschal Chronicle records that Eudocia, the wife of the emperor Heraclius, was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople when she died in 612. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07986The Paschal Chronicle records that in 356 and 357 the remains of *Timothy (disciple of Paul, S00466), *Luke (the Evangelist, S00442), and *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288) were translated to Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07987The Paschal Chronicle records that the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople was consecrated (or reconsecrated?) in 370. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07988The Paschal Chronicle records that Arsacius was consecrated as bishop of Constantinople in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople in 404. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07989The Paschal Chronicle records that the empress Eudoxia was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople in 404, and the emperor Arcadius in the same church in 408. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07990The Paschal Chronicle records that the Patriarch of Constantinople, Kyriakos, was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) at Constantinople in 606. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07996The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 5817) states that Constantine's mother, Helena, was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) in Constantinople. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08017The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 5942) states that the empress Pulcheria translated from Ephesus the remains of *Flavianos (bishop of Constantinople, ob. 449, S02069) and had them reburied in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) at Constantinople in 450. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08025The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6039) states that Pope Vigilius took refuge in Constantinople from Justinian in a sanctuary of *Sergios (martyr of Rusafa, S00023), and subsequently met Menas, the Patriarch of Constantinople, on the feast of the *Apostles (S02422); all in 547. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08037The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6094) states that in 602 Bishop Dometianos of Melitene was buried in the church of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) at Constantinople. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.