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The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity


from its origins to circa AD 700, across the entire Christian world


Name

Mary, Mother of Christ

Saint ID

S00033

Number in BH

BHG 1046-1161; BHL 5334-5414

Gender
Female
Type of Saint
Mary, Virgins
Related Evidence Records
IDTitle
E00040Theophylact Simocatta, in his History (8.5.1-2), describes how, on 2 February 602, the emperor Maurice attended the liturgy for the feast of Christ's Presentation at the Temple (Candlemas) at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the Blachernae district of Constantinople, where relics of the robes of Mary were kept and venerated. Written in Greek at Constantinople in the early 7th century.
E00041Theophylact Simocatta, in his History (5.15.8-10), describes how the Persian King Khosrau II had a vision of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in 596 or later, promising him victory. He related the vision to Probos, bishop of Chalcedon and venerated a portable icon of her carried by the bishop; all in Ctesiphon (Persia). Written in Greek in Constantinople in the early 7th century.
E00045Theophylact Simocatta, in his History (8.8.11 and 13), describes the patrician Germanos seeking sanctuary at the shrine of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the Constantinople district of Cyrus in November 602, after being accused of conspiracy. Written in Greek at Constantinople in the early 7th century.
E00046Theophylact Simocatta, in his History (5.10.4-5), describes how allied Roman and Persian troops in Mesopotamia used the name of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as a password, while helping the deposed Persian king Khosrau II to regain his throne. Written in Greek at Constantinople in the early 7th century.
E00047Theophylact Simocatta, in his History (5.16.7-8), describes the emperor Maurice sleeping in Saint Sophia, hoping to receive divine guidance through a dream, in the autumn of 590, prior to his expedition to Anchialus (eastern Balkans). The next day he attended the Eucharist at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Pege, just outside Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople in the early 7th century.
E00164Greek Calendar of Church Services to be performed at different churches in Oxyrhynchus (Middle Egypt) from the end of October to the end of March of the years 535–536, providing information on the names of many churches, and on the saints’ days celebrated in the city.
E00257Sulpicius Severus, in his Dialogues (2.13) on *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), recounts how Martin often conversed with a number of major saints in heaven: *Agnes (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00097), *Thekla (follower of the Apostle Paul, S00092), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and the Apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008), and also how he knew demons by name. Written in Latin in Primuliacum (south-west Gaul), c. 404-406.
E00367Gregory of Tours writes the Glory of the Martyrs (Liber in Gloria Martyrum), in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594. Overview entry.
E00368Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (1), tells of a well in Bethlehem from which *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) used to draw water; people of a blameless mind can see the star of the Magi moving over its waters. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00369Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (4), writes of the departure of the soul of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) with the assistance of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and of her subsequent bodily Assumption. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00378Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (8), tells how, during the construction of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) by the emperor Constantine (324-337), probably in Jerusalem, she appeared to the architect and told him how to raise the building's columns; her feast is also mentioned. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00379Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (8), tells how, on the feast of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), he witnessed a miraculous light emanating from her oratory on a rural estate at Marsat (central Gaul). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594..
E00380Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (9), tells of a Jewish boy in the East receiving the Eucharist in a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), being thrown into a furnace by his enraged father, and being protected by her from the fire. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00381Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (9), tells the story of a monastery in Jerusalem dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) being miraculously supplied with grain and gold. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00383Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (10), tells how relics of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) and unnamed Apostles (S00084), which he wore on him in a golden cross, miraculously extinguished a fire consuming a poor man's house. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00413The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to Diocaesarea (Palestine) and veneration there of objects belonging to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00414The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to the house in Nazareth of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), now a basilica; also miracles performed by her clothes, the beauty and kindness of the Jewish women of Nazareth (Palestine), and the general well-being of the region. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00450The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to the place from which the *Elijah/Elias (Old Testament prophet, S00217) was taken into heaven, and mentions a miraculous cloud which travels from the river Jordan to sit over the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and of *Sophia (personified Holy Wisdom, S00705) in Jerusalem. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00454The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to an oratory of *Mary (Mother of Christ, 0033) in Jericho (Palestine). Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00457The Piacenza Pilgrim mentions the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) outside Jerusalem, formerly her house, from which she was taken from the body. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00458The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to the tomb of Christ in Jerusalem, where, with other relics, he saw the likeness (species), girdle, and head-band of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00467The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to a basilica of holy *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), its hospices for pilgrims and the sick, and the basilica of *Sophia (personified Holy Wisdom, S00705), all in Jerusalem. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00471The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to a basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in a portico by a pool, and to the church of *Isicius (probably Hesychios, priest and saint of Jerusalem, S00261), outside the walls; both at Jerusalem. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00473Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (18), recounts the story of a man from Gaul who acquired in Jerusalem relics of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), which, during his journey home, were unharmed by fire. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00474Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (19), tells of perjurers being punished after falsely swearing at the altar of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *John the Baptist (S00020) in Tours. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594.
E00482The Piacenza Pilgrim records, on the road from Jerusalem to Bethlehem, the graves of *Rachel (wife of the patriarch Jacob, S00701) and *Benjamin (Old Testament patriarch, S00702), and his visit to the church [of the Kathisma] where *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), rested and water comes from the rock. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00511The Piacenza Pilgrim records his visit to a church in Memphis (Lower Egypt), formerly a pagan temple, into which *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) stepped with the young Jesus. Account of an anonymous pilgrim, written in Latin, probably in Placentia (northern Italy), c. 560.
E00557A set of five Greek epigrams, referring to Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), probably from inscriptions describing a pictorial ensemble, and possibly from a church dedicated to Michael in Constantinople. Of uncertain date, possibly Middle Byzantine; recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology.
E00568Two Greek epigrams by George Pisides in the shrine of the Blachernae at Constantinople, celebrating the miraculous raising of the 626 siege of Constantinople with the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology.
E00690The Notitia ecclesiarum urbis Romae, a guide to saints' graves around Rome, closes with the church and grave of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on the 'via Vaticana', north-west of the city. Written in Latin in Rome, 625/649. A description of the basilica, added in the later 8th c., lists many of the altars of saints within the church.
E00708Fragmentary Greek inscription from Ephesos (western Asia Minor) with an excerpt from a letter, probably from the emperor Justinian (527-565), stating the unique dignity of *John (Apostle and Evangelist, S00042) and his precedence over *Polycarp (bishop and martyr of Smyrna, S00004).
E00729Greek inscription cut in the face of a quarry in Şenol on the island of Prokonnesos (Sea of Marmara). The quarry is named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) or a sanctuary dedicated to her. Probably the 5th c. or later.
E00730Greek inscription on a capital found at Doğu Çamlik on the island of Prokonnesos (Sea of Marmara) with a dedication to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Tentatively dated stylistically to the Theodosian period (late 4th - earlier 5th c.).
E00739Cave (so-called 'Grotto of Paul') at Ephesos (on the slope of Bülbüldağ, western Asia Minor), with painting, perhaps of the 5th c., showing *Paul (the Apostle, S00008) and *Thekla (the follower of Paul, S00092), and with undated graffiti invoking Paul (and other saints). Shrine continually in use, probably from the 5th c.
E00741Greek list from the city of Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), presenting festal payments expected from various churches and shrines, most of them dedicated to saints, including *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), *Ioustos/Justus (saint with martyr shrine at Oxyrrhynkos, S01172), *John the Baptist (S00020), *Menas (soldier and martyr of Abu Mena, S00073), *Thekla (probably the follower of Apostle Paul, S00092), *Euphemia (martyr of Chalcedon, S00017), *Neilos (perhaps the martyr of Alexandria, S00405), *Viktor (, martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), possibly *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Philoxenos (saint with cult at Oxyrhynchos, S00443), and *Ioulianos/Julianus (probably the martyr of Cilicia, buried at Antioch or in Egypt, S00305); datable to the 5th c.
E00742Greek inscription inscribed on a column in Ephesos (western Asia Minor), invoking the aid of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) for the city. Probably late antique (5th-8th c.).
E00765Fragmentary Greek inscription with remnants of what could have been a governor's letter, possibly dealing with the status of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the church of *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042) in Ephesos. Found in Ephesos (western Asia Minor), at the site of the church of Mary. Probably 6th c.
E00766Fragmentary Greek inscription with headings of two imperial letters, apparently from Justinian to Hypatios, bishop of Ephesos (western Asia Minor). The letters probably deal with tensions between the bishop of Ephesos and the clergy of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the church of *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042). 527-533.
E00778Fragments of a Greek inscription with a letter, probably from a governor (proconsul) of the province of Asia, promulgating imperial resolutions for the episcopal church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and for the church of *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042). Found at the site of the church of *Mary in Ephesos (western Asia Minor), 530-539.
E00780Greek inscription with a pastoral letter from bishop Hypatios of Ephesos to his community, dealing with the provision of a free burial service by the church of Ephesos, and regulating the behavior of the members of two charitable groups attached to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in Ephesos (western Asia Minor), 530-539.
E00789Greek dedicatory inscription on a small stone basin, found in the church of *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042) in Ephesos (western Asia Minor). Dedicated by a monk and priest of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) called 'the one of the Antonianae'. Probably 6th-7th c. or later.
E00805Fragment of a Greek inscription with the name of a sanctuary dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) called 'the one (of the district?) of the Kyrou.' Found in Miletos (Caria, western Asia Minor), tentatively dated to 5th-6th c.
E00807Greek inscription labelling a metaton (probably a hostel for pilgrims) of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in Miletos (Caria, western Asia Minor), probably late antique (5th/8th c.).
E00837Greek graffiti on a marble balustrade, with invocations of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and probably *John (presumably either the Baptist, S00020, or the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and *George (soldier and martyr, S00259). Found in Aphrodisias (Caria, western Asia Minor), at the Temple/Church site. Probably 5th/6th c. or later.
E00838Greek inscription on a small clay pot with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in Aphrodisias (Caria, western Asia Minor). Probably late antique (5th c. or later).
E00840Fragments of a Greek dedicatory inscription with a poem in honour of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) by an unknown author inspired by the poetry of Nonnos of Panopolis. Found in Aphrodisias (Caria, western Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. or later.
E00852The Latin Life of *Maximus (bishop of Riez, ob. 452/462, S00424), by Dynamius of Marseille, describes the life, many miracles, and death of the saint, with an account of his dedication of a church to *Alban (martyr of Verulamium, S01364), and references to churches dedicated to other saints. Written in south-east Gaul, c. 580/590.
E00862Greek invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) by Modestos, perhaps archbishop of Myra (Lycia, south-west Asia Minor). Found in Myra. Probably 6th c.
E00863Greek dedicatory inscription engraved on a silver lamp and censer, offered by bishop Eutychianos to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the Holy Sion monastery. Found in Kumluca (Lycia, south-west Asia Minor). Mid-6th c.
E00864Greek graffito with an acclamation for the good fortune of the 'Marianoi', probably a group venerating *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Xanthos (Lycia, south-west Asia Minor). Probably 5th-7th c.
E00887Gregory of Nazianzus in his Oration 24, On *Cyprian (martyr of Carthage, S00411), of 379/380, refers to a prayer to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as a virgin saint protecting a virgin. It is the earliest recorded attestation of a prayer to her. Written in Greek at Constantinople.
E00898Greek inscription with an invocation possibly of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found at Akroinos (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably 6th/7th c.
E00901Greek invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as 'Mother of God', found in a rock-cut church in Ayazini (area of Ipsos, Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Late antique or possibly later.
E00910Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Dorylaion (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably 6th c.
E00920Greek inscription with a reference to Christ, described as the offspring of the holy Virgin (*Mary, Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Laodikeia/Laodicea Combusta (Pisidia, west central Asia Minor). Probably 6th-8th c. or later.
E00937Elaborate poetical Greek epitaph for a bishop or a 'countryside bishop' (chorepiskopos), named a 'deacon of the abstemiousness of the Virgin', perhaps a reference to *Mary, Mother of Christ (S00033). Found near Lystra (Lycaonia, central Asia Minor). Probably 4th c.
E00943Greek graffito commemorating the consecration of a rock-cut church dedicated to *Nicholas (probably the bishop of Myra under Constantine, S00520), just possibly with a reference to the intercession of *Mary, Mother of Christ (S00033). Found at Strobilos (Caria, western Asia Minor). Probably 7th c.
E00951Fragmentary inscription with a Greek dedicatory poem commemorating the foundation of a church and monastery of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Nikaia/Nicaea (Bithynia, north-west Asia Minor). Probably c. 650-717.
E00956Greek inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the Mother of God. Found near Chalcedon (Bithynia, north-west Asia Minor, near Constantinople). Probably 6th c. or later.
E00958Four Greek monograms carved on a column, which may be understood as an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found near Chalcedon (Bithynia, north-west Asia Minor, near Constantinople). Probably 6th c. or later.
E00961In his sermon to catechumens, preached in Latin probably in Carthage, 429/439, Quodvultdeus, bishop of this city, refers to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) as holy, and emphasises her role as both mother and virgin.
E00964White marble capital with a carving of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) with her Child. Found at Herakleia Pontike (Honoriad, northern Asia Minor). Probably late antique.
E00974Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), addressed as the God-Bearer, authorised by the emperor Anastasius. Found near Neoklaudioupolis (Helenopontus, northern Asia Minor). 491-518.
E00978Greek epitaph for a woman, 'former deacon of the saints' (unnamed, S00518), ending with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Amisos (Helenopontus, northern Asia Minor). 562.
E00987Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), also called the God-Bearer. Found at Koukousos (Roman province of Armenia II, eastern Asia Minor). Probably late 5th or 6th c.
E01002Greek poetical dedicatory inscription of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), addressed as '(our) Lady'. Found at Ankyra (Galatia, central Asia Minor). Probably 7th-9th c.
E01010Greek epitaph for a woman that was a 'servant of God and of the God-Bearer' (*Mary, Mother of Christ, S00033). Found near Tavium (Galatia, central Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. or later.
E01012Fragmentary Greek inscription with remnants of an apotropaic/liturgical text, referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the story of Exodus. Found near Nakoleia and Amorion (Galatia, central Asia Minor). Probably late antique.
E01016Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer and Virgin. Found at Malaya near Kırşehir (close to ancient Paranassos, Cappadocia, central Asia Minor). Probably late 5th or 6th c.
E01048Fragmentary Greek inscription with a reference to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the Theotokos/God-Bearer. Found at Adrassos (Isauria, southern Asia Minor). Probably 5th or 6th c.
E01063Greek inscription labelling a sarcophagus owned by a burial club or charitable institution named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer, perhaps affiliated to a church dedicated to the saint. Found at Korykos/Corycus (Cilicia, south-east Asia Minor). Probably late 5th or 6th c.
E01064Greek inscription labelling a sarcophagus owned by a monastery named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found at Korykos/Corycus (Cilicia, south-east Asia Minor). Probably late 5th or 6th c.
E01073Greek inscription with a poem commemorating the construction of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and encouraging her to settle in the sanctuary. Found near Korykos/Corycus (Cilicia, south-east Asia Minor). Probably 5th or 6th c.
E01078Greek inscription labelling a tomb owned by a house of ascetics (asketerion) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) venerated as the God-Bearer. Found at Anazarbos (Cilicia, south-east Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. or later.
E01080Greek inscription commemorating the construction of a building dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer, probably a village church. Found near Flaviopolis (Cilicia, south-east Asia Minor). Very probably 590.
E01130Greek inscription with a request for God's grace for a household, with an invocation of Christ and possibly *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Priene (Caria, western Asia Minor). Probably late antique or later.
E01139Small bronze leaf with an inscription labelling animals (probably horses) of a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Now in a private collection. Probably originating from northern or central Asia Minor. Probably 6th c.
E01151Greek epitaph for a servant of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found at Germia (Galatia, central Asia Minor). Probably late 5th-6th c.
E01176Fragment of a Greek inscription referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042) as the Theologian, probably with an excerpt from an imperial letter. Found in Pythagorio (Samos, the Aegean Islands). Tentatively dated to mid-5th c., but more likely to be 6th c.
E01180Greek invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer, asked to 'steer' a city. Found at Mytilene (Lesbos). Possibly late antique or later.
E01197The Syriac Chronicle of Pseudo-Zachariah Rhetor recounts how, after the pagan temple in Heliopolis-Baalbek (Lebanon) had been destroyed by lightning in the year 525/526, a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) was built in its place. Written, probably in Amida (northern Mesopotamia), c. 568/569.
E01215The Syriac Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite recounts how, during the year 504/505, the eunuch Urbicius made a donation for the building of a martyrium-church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Edessa (northern Mesopotamia). In the same year, the city's governor diverted the oil assigned to Edessa's martyr-shrines to the lighting of the city's street. Written in Edessa, 506/515.
E01218Fragments of a Greek inscription with an oracle predicting the conversion of a pagan temple into a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), also referring to an unnamed *Archangel. Found at Ikaria (the Aegean Islands). Probably 5th-6th c.
E01219Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found near Eresos (Lesbos, the Aegean Islands). Probably late antique.
E01223Coptic Encomium on Apa *Mena/Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073) attributed to John, archbishop of Alexandria, most likely John IV (775-789), who had been an oikonomos at the saint’s shrine, presenting a history of the saint’s life as a man from Nikiu (in the Nile Delta, Lower Egypt), his martyrdom and afterlife, with a detailed account of the development of his shrine at Abu Mina.
E01225Coptic Martyrdom of *Paese and Thekla (brother and sister, martyrs of Alexandria, S00750) from Pousire in the Hermopolite nome and from Antinoopolis, both martyrs in Alexandria under the dux Armenios, but beheaded on their way south. The account includes: the martyrdom of *Viktor (son of Romanos, Egyptian martyr, S00749) at Alexandria; miracles performed by and on the saints through *Raphael (the Archangel, S00481); a visit of Paese to the heavenly Jerusalem; a boat trip on which Thekla meets *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Elisabeth (mother of John the Baptist, S01328), and the Archangels *Gabriel (S00192) and *Raphael (S00481); an account of the benefits that will be gained by adherents of Paese and Thekla's cult. Probably written in the 6th/7th c., preserved in a 9th c. manuscript.
E01227Greek inscription with an invocation perhaps of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found near Lartos (Rhodes, the Aegean Islands). Probably 6th c. or later.
E01228The so-called cave of *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), on the island of Tinos (the Aegean Islands) houses dozens graffiti and dipinti invoking God, Stephen, and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Probably 6th-13th c.
E01232Rocks near Grammata on the island of Syros (the Aegean Islands) are covered with dozens of graffiti, mostly authored by ship-owners and sailors asking for a safe journey and invoking God as the Lord, *Phokas (martyr of Sinope, S00052), and unnamed *Apostles. The graffiti also contain references to ships named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01238Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription with a reference to a ship named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the founder (sic!) of the mosaic. Found at Mastichari (Kos, the Aegean Islands). Probably 500-554.
E01247Coptic funerary inscription on marble from the necropolis of the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Adam (the first man, S00772), Apa *Ieremias, Apa Enoch, and Ama Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773); datable to the 8th/9th c.
E01248Coptic joint funerary inscription on marble probably from the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: Apa *Ieremias, Apa Enoch, and Ama Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); possibly of the 8th/9th century.
E01249Coptic joint funerary inscription on marble most likely from the necropolis of the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: *Ieremias, Enoch and Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773), the Archangels *Michael and *Gabriel (S00181 and S00192),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), *Apollo, Phib and Anoup (monks and monastic founders, S00774), and other holy men; possibly of the 8th/9th century.
E01251Coptic funerary inscription with a long invocation to a large number of saints including *Michael (the Archangel, S00181),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the Prophets, the Apostles, the Martyrs and Confessors, and *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), as well as a long list of other holy monastic figures. The inscription on a limestone stele presumably dates to the 6th/9th century, and most likely comes from Bawit (Middle Egypt).
E01252Coptic funerary inscription, probably from Bawit, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including the Archangels *Michael and *Gabriel (S00181 and S00192),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and *Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), and *Pamoun (possibly the monk and martyr of Alexandria, S00775), as well as a long list of monastic figures that includes *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774); of unknown date, presumably 6th/9th century and most likely from Bawit (Middle Egypt).
E01257A graffito in Greek, probably of the 7th/9th c., in the basilica of *Demetrios (martyr of Thessalonike, S00761) in Thessalonike (south Balkans/Greece), invokes *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Demetrios (martyr of Thessalonike, S00761), and *Theodore (martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480).
E01271The church of Panagia Drosiani on the island of Naxos (Aegean Islands) houses labelled pre-iconoclastic paintings of saints, datable to the 7th/8th c.: *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385) *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); possibly *Solomon (Old Testament king of Israel, S00270); *John the Baptist (S00020); just possibly *Catherine (martyr of Alexandria, S00765); possibly *George (soldier and martyr, S00259); and *Ioulianos/Julianus (possibly the martyr of Cilicia, buried at Antioch or in Egypt, S00305).
E01279Greek inscriptions from the chancel screen from the cathedral church Katapoliani/Ekatontapyliani on the island of Paros (Aegean Islands) suggest that this important sanctuary was originally dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Probably mid-6th c.
E01295The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Xystus III (bishop of Rome, ob. 440, S00764) describes the construction and decoration of several churches in Rome during his episcopate (432-440): the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), present-day Santa Maria Maggiore, the confessiones of the Apostles *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008), and a basilica and confessio of *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037).
E01302Coptic funerary inscription from Bawit (Middle Egypt) with a long invocation to a large number of saints including the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the *Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (son of Romanos, Egyptian martyr, S00749), *Phoibamon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), *Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), the *Martyrs of Thone (S00771), and a long list of monastic figures including *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774); presumably 6th/8th century.
E01306The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Hilarus (bishop of Rome, ob. 468, S00566), tells how he issued a decree at the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) inside Rome, and of his burial in a crypt outside the city, near *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037), and close to the body of *Xystus III (bishop of Rome, S00601) [AD 468].
E01307The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Hilarus (bishop of Rome, ob. 468, S00566) names his refurbishments in, and offerings to, several churches and oratories in Rome: dedicated to *John (Apostle and Evangelist, S00042), *John the Baptist (S00020), the Apostles *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037), and *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030).
E01313The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Simplicius (bishop of Rome, ob. 483, S00729) tells how he dedicated churches in and around Rome to *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), and *Bibiana (martyr of Rome under the emperor Julian, S00728); made arrangements concerning clergy in the churches of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Paul (the Apostle, S00008), and *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037); and made gifts to St Peter's basilica; it closes with a record of his burial in St Peter's basilica on 2 March [AD 483].
E01316The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Gelasius (bishop of Rome, ob. 496, S00789), recounts his burning of heretical books before the doors of the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Rome; his dedication of a basilica of *Euphemia (martyr of Chalcedon, S00017) in Tibur/Tivoli, and basilicas of *Eleutherius (martyr of Rome, S01661), *Nicander (saint of Rome, S00788), and *Andreas (probably Andrew the Apostle, S00288) on the via Labicana, outside Rome; his building of a basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) on the via Laurentina; and his burial in the basilica of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on 21 November [AD 496]. A later interpolation records the discovery of the sanctuary of the Archangel *Michael (S00181) on Monte Gargano (southern Italy).
E01318A lead leaf and a lead tablet with similar Greek popular exorcisms, invoking *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Ouriel (the Archangel, S00770), *Raphael (the Archangel, S00481), *Enoch (Old Testament patriarch, S00762), *Elijah (Old Testament prophet, S00217), and *Isaiah (Old Testament prophet, S00282). Said to have been found near Trikomo (Cyprus). Probably 7th-8th c.
E01321Painted Greek inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer, asked to protect a comes. Found in Salamis/Constantia (Cyprus). Probably 5th-6th c.
E01338The church of Panagia Kanakaria at Lythrankomi (north-eastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), unnamed *Archangels (almost certainly *Michael, S00181, and *Gabriel, S00192), and with labelled depictions of *Apostles and *Evangelists. Probably 525-550.
E01339The church of Panagia Angeloktistos at Kiti (southeastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and unnamed *Archangels (almost certainly *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192)). Probably 6th c.
E01340The church of Panagia tes Kyras near Livadia (eastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and an unnamed *Archangel. Probably 6th c.
E01345The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Symmachus (bishop and confessor of Rome, ob. 514, S00793), mentions the ordination of his rival, Laurentius, in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); the murder of priests of the churches of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), called 'in chains', and of *Iohannes and Paulus (brothers and eunuchs, martyrs of Rome under the emperor Julian, S00384); and the burial of Symmachus at St Peter's basilica on 19 July [AD 514]; all in Rome. In the second edition, Symmachus is described as a 'confessor', one who suffered for his faith.
E01350The second edition of the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome between the 530s and 546, in its account of *Symmachus (bishop and confessor of Rome, ob. 514, S00793), lists his building works at, and donations to, the churches of various saints in Rome and its region during his episcopate (498-514).
E01357The second edition of the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome between the 530s and 546, in its account of *John I (bishop of Rome, ob. 526, S00308), lists his renovation works in the cemeteries of *Nereus and Achilles (eunuchs and martyrs of Rome, S00403), of *Felix and Adauctus (martyrs of Rome, S00421), and of Priscilla, all in the suburbs of Rome; his adornment of the confessio of *Paul (the Apostle, S00008); as well as offerings made by the emperor Justin I to the churches in Rome of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), of *Paul (the Apostle, S00008), of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and of *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037).
E01365Coptic miniature parchment codex with oracle answers (sortes sanctorum) presented in the name of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); of unknown provenance, datable to the 6th c.
E01366Greek inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found near the village of Agioi Deka, close to ancient Gortyna (southern Crete). Probably 5th-6th c.
E01371Fragment of a Greek inscription just possibly referring to a martyr shrine (martyrion), and to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found near the village of Agioi Deka, close to ancient Gortyna (southern Crete). Probably 6th c. or later.
E01379Greek inscription with a request for the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer, and of a saint whose name is lost. Found near Eleutherna, central-west Crete. Probably 5th c.
E01382Fragmentary Greek inscription referring to unnamed Holy Fathers and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found in Prines Mylopotamou near Eleutherna, central-west Crete. Perhaps late antique.
E01388Seals with invocations in Greek, and depictions of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God Bearer. Found in the ruins of Gortyna (south Crete). Probably 6th-8th c.
E01391Greek inscription on a bronze round object (identified as a buckle) with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found at Knossos (north Crete). Probably 7th c.
E01392Seals with bilingual Greek/Latin inscriptions of owners, and with images of saints: *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *John the Baptist (S00020), and *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192). Found in various locations on Crete. 5th-7th c.
E01395Sozomen, in his Ecclesiastical History (7.5), reports miraculous visions and cures at the Anastasia church of Constantinople, which are ascribed to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, 439/450.
E01403Greek dedicatory inscriptions on four capitals, commemorating the offering of columns to a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in the 17th c. church in the village of Aphantos/Afandou, near the city of Rhodes (island of Rhodes; Aegean Islands). Probably late antique.
E01429The short Life of *Boniface IV (bishop of Rome, ob. 615, S00841) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome, early in the 7th c., mentions his conversion of the Pantheon into the church of the blessed *Mary, 'ever-virgin' (S00033), and of All Martyrs (S02818), and Boniface's burial in the church of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), all in Rome.
E01430Copper disc with a depiction of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192) in the Annunciation scene. Probably from Constantina/Tella (north Mesopotamia/Osroene). Probably 6th c.
E01460So-called Basilica A/the 'Great Basilica' in Rusafa/Sergioupolis (north-east Syria/Euphratesia), a major place of the cult of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), housing the relics of the saint probably since at least the last third of the 5th c. A number of important inscriptions and substantial archaeological evidence, relating to the cult of Sergios, were found at the site.
E01461Greek, Syriac, and Arabic graffiti from so-called Basilica A/the 'Great Basilica' in Rusafa/Sergioupolis (north-east Syria/Euphratesia), a major place of the cult of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), with invocations of Sergios, and of other saints and Old Testament figures. From the 6th c. onwards.
E01462Greek inscriptions from so-called Basilica B in Rusafa/Sergioupolis (north-east Syria/Euphratesia), one just possibly referring to the cult of *Leontios (martyr of Tripolis, Phoenicia, S00216), and one to that of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Probably 6th c.
E01612The Syriac Letter Sent by the Abbots of Arabia to the Orthodox Bishops is subscribed by a monk of a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the Roman province of Arabia. Written in Arabia in 569/570.
E01613The Syriac Letter Sent by the Abbots of Arabia to the Orthodox Bishops is subscribed by the abbot of a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the Roman province of Arabia. Written in Arabia in 569/570.
E01625Greek inscription on a lintel, with an invocation of Christ as the Messiah and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Ḥūarte/Hawarte, close to ancient Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Perhaps late 6th-7th c.
E01627Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions, commemorating the completion and paving of a memorial shrine (martyrion) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer. Found at Abou Roubeis near ancient Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh (central Syria). Dated 7th July 530; 529; 540.
E01629The short Life of *Theodorus (bishop of Rome, ob. 649, S00856) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, records his transfer of the bodies of *Primus and Felicianus (martyrs of Rome, S00855) from the via Nomentana outside Rome to the intramural church of *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), and his gifts there; the building of a church of *Valentinus (priest and martyr of Rome, S00433) on the via Flaminia to the north of Rome; and oratories dedicated to *Sebastianus (martyr of Rome, S00400) at the Lateran, and *Euplus (martyr of Catania, S00207) outside the gate of St *Paul (the Apostle, S00008). It also refers to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) 'at the Crib' [= S. Maria Maggiore], and to Theodorus' burial at St. *Peter's (the Apostle, S00036) on 14 May.
E01634The short Life of *Martin (bishop and confessor of Rome, ob. 653, S00859) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, mentions a miracle which saved his life at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) 'at the Crib' in Rome; his death in exile as a 'confessor' at Chersonesos (in the Crimea); his burial, perhaps in a church of Mary, on 17 December; and posthumous miracles.
E01642Greek votive inscription on a marble altar table, now in the Louvre Museum, commemorating its offering to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Unknown provenance, possibly Syria, the territory of Palmyra (central Syria/Phoenicia Libanensis). Probably 6th c.
E01643The short Life of *Vitalianus, bishop of Rome (ob. 672, 00682) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, describes the visit to Rome in 663 of the emperor Constans II: he visited the churches of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Paul (the Apostle, S00008), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), making gifts at each, and processing with his army on a Sunday to St Peter's; also mentioned are Constans' removal to Constantinople of the bronze tiles of the church of St Mary 'ad Martyres' (the Pantheon), and Vitalianus' burial at St Peter's on 27 January.
E01644Greek inscriptions from the Monastery of *Symeon the Younger (stylite near Antioch, ob. 592, S00860) at the 'Wondrous Mountain' near Antioch on the Orontes (north Syria), mentioning the joint intercession of Symeon and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), perhaps for the successful restoration of the monastery. 592-13th c.
E01657Silver and pottery lamps with Greek inscriptions referring to the 'blessing of the God-Bearer', i.e. *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in Syria, exact provenance usually unknown. Possibly produced in Jerusalem. Probably late antique.
E01664The short Life of *Agatho (bishop of Rome, ob. 681, 00872) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, mentions his offerings at the churches of the Apostles, presumably the basilcas of *Peter (S00036) and of *Paul (S00008), and at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) 'at the Crib', and his burial at St Peter's on 10 January.
E01665The short Life of *Agatho (bishop of Rome, ob. 681, 00872) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, mentions several cult places in Constantinople: an oratory of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) in the imperial palace; the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Blachernae; and the church of *Sophia (Holy Wisdom, S00705), all visited by the papal legates for the council of 680-681, who are said to have been accompanied by *Peter (the Apostle, 00036).
E01671Greek dedicatory inscription with probably an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Šeiḥ Sleimān/Shekh Slēmân in the Limestone Massif (north Syria, between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo). Dated 519/520.
E01685Greek dedicatory inscriptions to *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), and busts of: *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and the Apostles *Peter (S00036), and *Paul (S00008), engraved on the paten and a chalice from the silver treasure of the Cleveland Museum of Art (Ohio). Provenance: a village of 'Beth Misôna' in Syria. Probably 6th c.
E01686Fragmentary Greek inscription on a lintel, probably invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Kafr Aqid, to the south of Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably late antique.
E01690Greek inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), by the founder of a church or a fort, a military dux Fredoulf. Found at ar-Ruwayb in Djebel Ḥaṣṣ, near Chalkis, Beroia/Aleppo, and Anasartha (north Syria). Dated 551.
E01697Greek inscriptions with epitaphs for lesser clerics from two churches dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), at Tyre (west Phoenicia). Probably 6th/7th c.
E01698The short Life of *Benedict II (bishop of Rome, ob. 685, S00887) in the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome soon after his death, names his refurbishments at, and offerings to, churches of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037), *Valentinus (priest and martyr of Rome, S00443), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), in and around Rome; names the feast of Valentinus; and mentions Benedict's burial at the church of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on 8 May.
E01722Greek dedicatory inscription to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at the island of Chios (the Aegean Islands). Exact provenance unknown. Possibly late antique.
E01724Fragmentary Greek inscription mentioning the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found at Argala near Mytilene (island of Lesbos; Aegean Islands). Probably late antique.
E01728Greek inscription on a reused sarcophagus with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Kalliopi (island of Lemnos; Aegean Islands). Possibly late antique.
E01730Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at ar-Raqqah (ancient Kallinikon; Osroene). Dated 590-602.
E01734A Coptic list of holy books belonging to the monastery of Apa *Elijah/Elias (probably the Old Testament prophet, S00217) 'on the mountain', presumably at Aphroditopolis/Atfih (Middle Egypt), lists a papyrus manuscript containing the Life of Mary (possibly *Mary of Egypt, S00903); list datable to the 7th/8th century.
E01758Amulets from the collection of S. Ayvaz with Greek inscriptions invoking the Archangels: *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Ouriel (S00770), and depictions showing *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and a holy rider. Found in Syria, various locations. Probably Roman impeiral, late antique, and/or middle Byzantine. Pagan and/or Christian.
E01761Painted roundel with a bust of a female saint, probably *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), painted on a tomb above an epitaph dated 12 August 440. Found at the necropolis of Tyre (west Phoenicia).
E01765Fragmentary Greek painted inscription on a column, with an invocation of God as the Lord and an acclamation of Tyre as the city of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), here named the God-Bearer. Found at Tyre (west Phoenicia). Probably 6th or 7th c.
E01772An unpublished fragmentary inscription with remnants of a poem, perhaps praising the seizure of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Tyre by the Chalcedonians. Found in Tyre (west Phoenicia). Probably 6th c.
E01781'Tessera' with a labelled depiction of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the Christ Child. Found near Beroia/Aleppo (central Syria). Possibly late antique.
E01790Greek inscriptions commemorating the construction of an oratory (eukterion) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) by two men of importance (provincial tax-officers), of the rank of megaloprepestatoi. Found at Rasm al-Hagal, to the southeast of Chalkis and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). One of them is dated 553/554 or 555/556.
E01792Greek inscription invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Mektebeh, to the southeast of Chalkis and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably late antique.
E01793Greek inscription invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Mektebeh, to the southeast of Chalkis and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably 6th c.
E01795Greek inscription possibly referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Burdj Sbinneh/Borg Sbinne near Chalkis and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably late antique.
E01799Greek lintel inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), asked to help an architect. Found at the larger church at Šeiḥ Sleimān/Shekh Slēmân between Beroia/Aleppo and Antioch on the Orontes (north Syria). Probably late 5th-early 7th c.
E01801Fragmentary Greek inscription with the name of a saint, possibly *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), possibly labelling a relief with her bust. Found at Refāde/Sitt er-Rum, between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo. Probably late antique.
E01803Greek inscription with an invocation of God and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), asked to help a presbyter. Found at Deir Rehšān near Antioch on the Orontes (north Syria). Probably late antique.
E01804Greek building inscription invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), asked to help the founders and donors of her shrine (hagios oikos). Found at Dāna/Al-Dana, between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria) in Jabal Halaqa. Probably 5th-7th c.
E01809Fragmentary Greek lintel inscription, apparently with the name of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) included in the Trinitarian formula. Found at Deir Sēta between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably the 6th c.
E01813Greek inscription with invocations of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and probably *Dometios (probably the monk of Syria, later 4th c., S00414). Found at Kfer Fenche, between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably 6th c.
E01869Greek inscription on a lintel, invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), probably for a household and its owner. Found at I'djāz near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01876Greek inscription commemorating the construction of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and a relief carving of Mary with her Child from a pillar of the chancel screen. Found in Church B at Ḥawa near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01879Gregory of Nyssa in his Life of *Gregory the Miracle-Worker (bishop and missionary in Pontus, S00687), of the late 370s or the 380s, recounts a vision experienced by the saint (purportedly in the early 3rd century), with *John the Evangelist (S00042) and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) revealing the doctrine of the Trinity. Written in Greek in Asia Minor.
E01882Labelled relief of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) with her Child, a possible invocation of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), and a building inscription, all from a church dedicated to Mary at Rouweyḍa near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Dated 554/555.
E01885Greek inscription invoking the protection of God for a tower, through the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and of *All Saints (S01151). Found at Qaṣr el-Mouḥarram near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Dated 551.
E01886Greek inscription invoking the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) to protect a gateway. Found at Qaṣr el-Mouḥarram near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably c. 570.
E01887Greek inscription invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer and perhaps as the mother of saved Christians. Found at Qaṣr el-Mouḥarram near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 6th c.
E01888Greek building inscription for a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at el-Hazime/Al-Hazim to the east of Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Dated 390/391.
E01891Greek building inscription on a tower, invoking the help of the God born of *Mary (Mother of Christ S00033), and possibly referring to the intercession of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023). Found at Fān eš-Shemāli near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Dated 576/577.
E01893Greek building inscription with a prayer addressed to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found probably at er-Rouḥaiye, to the east of Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Probably later 5th-7th c.
E01894Syriac inscription followed by the name 'Maria' in Greek letters, possibly referring to a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Ḥalbān near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01895Greek building inscription for a tower (pyrgos), probably recorded as built through the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), unnamed *Archangels, and unnamed *Apostles. Found at eṭ-Ṭayyibe near Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01898Greek building inscription on the doorway of a tower, invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Tamak, to the east of Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Dated 540/541.
E01901Coptic Encomion on *Theodore 'Stratelates' (general and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00136), attributed to Anastasios of Euchaita and presented on the saint's feast day, relating how his father was a Christian Egyptian, how he slew a dragon and was martyred, and how his mother took his body to be buried 'at the mountain of Shotep' in Upper Egypt. Written sometime in the 6th/8th c., preserved in a manuscript dated to 861.
E01926Greek inscription from a boundary stone marking the asylum of a church, or churches, dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385). Found at Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Probably 6th c.
E01929Greek building inscription for an oratory (eukterion) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Mariamme/Mariamīn near Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria) and Ḥimṣ/Emesa. Dated 493.
E01933Fragmentary Greek inscription possibly referring to a monastery (phrontisterion) named after *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Garion/Ghoūr to the west of Ḥimṣ/Emesa (northwest Phoenicia). Probably 5th-7th c.
E01937Greek inscription invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), possibly for a miaphysite presbyter. Found at Ḥimṣ/Emesa (northwest Phoenicia). Dated 568/569.
E01944Greek building inscription commemorating a construction (ktisma) 'in the name of the God-Bearer (Theotokos)', i.e. *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Salamiye (ancient Salamias), to the northeast of Ḥimṣ/Emesa (northwest Phoenicia). Dated 604.
E01949Greek building inscription for a church (oikos) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), possibly by a miaphysite group. Found at Khirbet et-Tīn, to the west of Ḥimṣ/Emesa (northwest Phoenicia). Dated 592.
E01952Fragmentary Greek inscription invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), for a local community and probably for a presbyter. Originally situated at Liftāya to the west of Ḥimṣ/Emesa (northwest Phoenicia). Probably the 6th-7th c.
E01953A labelled depiction of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), on a marble plaque, in a relief Nativity scene. Found at Iabrouda/Yabrūd to the south of Ḥimṣ/Emesa (south Phoenicia). Probably the 6th-7th c. or later.
E01954Greek inscription from a boundary stone marking the asylum of a church/oratory (eukterios oikos) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Anğarr, near el-Maṣna and Heliopolis/Baalbek in the Beqaa Valley (east Lebanon/southwest Phoenicia). Probably 6th c.
E01955Greek graffito with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in the temple of Bel at Palmyra (east Syria/northeast Phoenicia Libanensis). Probably 6th-7th c.
E01971Syriac inscription on the gateway of a monastery, recording the dedication of its church to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the God-Bearer. Found at Qaṣr ed-Deir in Jabal al-Ala to the west of Beroia/Aleppo (central Syria). Probably late antique.
E01972Syriac inscription commemorating the construction, probably of a monastic church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Kefr Derian in Jabal Barisha, to the west of Beroia/Aleppo (central Syria). Probably late antique.
E02051Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions commemorating the completion and paving of a church (naos) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in 533, and the restoration of the mosaics in 582. Also the help of the God of Mary and of *All Saints (S01151) is invoked. Found at Riḥāb, between Bostra and Gerasa/Jerash (Jordan/the Roman province of Arabia).
E02058John of Ephesus, in his Ecclesiastical History (III.6), records how in the year 577, after the unsuccessful siege of the city of Tella de-Mawzelat/Constantia in Mesopotamia, the Persian troops destroyed the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) located outside the city. Written in Syriac in Constantinople, 588/589.
E02114Greek inscription, probably recording a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Izra/Zorava near Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 5th-6th c.
E02117Greek dedicatory inscription with a prayer addressed to Christ, asked to accept offerings through the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Izra/Zorava to the northwest of Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 6th c.
E02146Greek building inscription for a church (oikos) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as the God-Bearer (Theotokos). Found at Sakkaia/Maximianopolis near Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably late 5th or 6th c.
E02149Greek inscription with a poem commemorating the construction of a church of 'immeasurable beauty' dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), probably by Antipater, archbishop of Bostra, and comparing his doctrinal disputes with the triumph of the martyrs. Found at Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Possibly c. 460-470.
E02151Greek papyrus from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt) with the beginning of a lease involving a church of Mary, presumably *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as the lessor to a female lessee, dated 17 October 516.
E02223Greek fiscal codex from the village of Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a church and a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); dated to the year 716/717.
E02229Fragment of a Greek fiscal register, from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning an institution dedicated to Mary, presumably *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the beginning of the 8th century
E02240Greek inscription just possibly referring to a Saint *John (if so, probably the Baptist, S00020, or possibly the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), as well as Christ. Found at Muṭā'iyyeh, to the west of Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 5th-6th c.
E02244Greek inscription with an invocation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Ta'leh, to the north of Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably late antique.
E02250Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (7.10), recounts how in 584 Rigunth, daughter of King Chilperic and Fredegund, took up residence in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Toulouse (south-west Gaul). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 584/594.
E02285Greek amulet from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), invoking the help of *Mary (Μother of Christ, S00033), *John (the Apostle and Εvangelist, S00042), *Serenos/Sirenos (saint with martyr shrine at Oxyrhynchos, S00134), *Philoxenos (saint with cult at Oxyrhynchos, S00443), *Viktor (presumably the martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Ioustos/Justus (saint with martyr shrine at Oxyrrhynchos, S01172), and all saints; datable to the 5th century.
E02294Augustine of Hippo preaches a sermon on the feast of *Marianus and Iacobus (clerics and martyrs of Numidia, S01132); he compares the mother of Marianus to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and encourages his audience to imitate the martyrs. Sermon 284, delivered in Latin, probably in Carthage (central North Africa), possibly in either 397 or 418.
E02306Greek list of furniture from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), mentioning two gilded icons, one of *Kollouthos (physician and martyr of Antinoopolis, S00641), the other of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), located in the triclinium of a suburban villa; datable to the late 6th/early 7th century.
E02322Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (8.40), tells the story of a perjurer who swore a false oath in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Tours and died shortly afterwards; his wish to be buried in a church of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) at Candes (Touraine, north-west Gaul) was miraculously confounded; all in 586. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 586/594.
E02341A niche at the entrance to the 'episcopal complex' of Gerasa/Jerash (Roman province of Arabia) has painted inscriptions, with the names of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Probably 5th c. or later.
E02346Greek account, from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), concerning the collection of bricks for building works, listing some intended for an institution dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the 6th century.
E02369Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (9.42), quotes the letter that *Radegund (former queen, and monastic founder, ob. 587, S00182) wrote in 560/561 in defence of her monastery in Poitiers (western Gaul), setting it under the protection of the Holy Cross, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Hilary (bishop of Poitiers, ob. 367, S00183) and *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050); in the same letter Radegund asks to be buried in the church of Mary that she is building within the monastery. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 589/594.
E02374Greek land lease, from Hermopolis (Middle Egypt), mentioning an oratory dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the first half of the 7th century.
E02380Fragmentary Greek inscription asking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), to accept an offering. Found at Gerasa/Jerash (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 6th c.
E02397Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (10.1), quotes in full the instructions of Pope Gregory the Great in 590 to the people of Rome, then suffering the plague, for a sevenfold litany (septiformis letania), with seven supplicatory processions through the city to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) [Santa Maria Maggiore], departing from different churches: of *Cosmas/Kosmas and Damianus (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385); *Gervasius and Protasius (brothers and martyrs of Milan, S00313); *Marcellinus and Petrus (priest and exorcist, martyrs of Rome, S00577); *Iohannes and Paulus (brothers and eunuchs, martyrs of Rome, S00384); *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030); *Euphemia (martyr of Chalcedon, S00017); *Clemens/Clement, (bishop of Rome, martyr of the Crimea, S00111). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 590/594.
E02403Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (10.31), recounts how Ommatius, the twelfth bishop of Tours (bishop 521-525), restored the church of *Gervasius and Protasius (brothers and martyrs of Milan, S00313), began to construct the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and was buried in the church of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397,S00050); all in Tours. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 591/594.
E02405Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (10.31), records that Iniuriosus, the fifteenth bishop of Tours (bishop 529-546), completed the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Tours, and that in his time the church of *Germanus (bishop of Auxerre, ob. 448, S00455) at Saint-Germain-sur-Vienne in the Touraine was constructed. Injuriosus was buried in the church of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 591/594.
E02477Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions from the rotunda church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Madaba (Roman province of Arabia), with a poem praising Mary as the Mother of God and possibly indicating the presence of her image, a dedicatory text dated probably 767, and an invocation to her (probably c. 607/608).
E02524The so-called Madaba Mosaic Map shows a number of labelled places of the cult of saints in the Holy Land (mainly monasteries). Found in Madaba (Roman province of Arabia). Probably mid-6th c.
E02548Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription commemorating the completion of a chapel of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), at the basilica of Moses at Mount Nebo/Siyagha (Roman province of Arabia); also a marble reliquary. Probably c. 600-610.
E02563Two floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions: one (of probably c. 550-600) invoking the intercession of unnamed saints for an 'abbot of the whole desert', a stylite, and other monks; the other, dated 762, commemorating the restoration of a monastic chapel (septe mone) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Wadi 'Ayn al-Kanisah on Mount Nebo (Roman province of Arabia).
E02633Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription with a poem describing an image of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at el-Rashidiyah, near Buseira (ancient Bosor in Edom) and Gharandal (ancient Arindela) in south Jordan/Roman province of Palaestina III. Dated 574.
E02677Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Confessors (64), tells how a man buried in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Lyon (south-east Gaul) appeared to his pious wife in a vision to reveal the fraud of a priest who was stealing the fine wine she was donating to the church. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 587/588.
E02682Fragmentary Greek inscription invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Sala/Saleh, near Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 6th-7th c.
E02731Fragmentary Greek inscription from a lintel, probably commemorating the construction of a monastery (mone) dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and an unspecified *John (probably the Baptist, S00020, or the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042). Found at Jerusalem (Roman province of Palaestina I). Precise provenance unknown. Probably 6th c.
E02733Greek inscription commemorating the construction of a charitable institution for elderly poor women or nuns (gerokomeion), by a church or monastery of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) or through the intercession of the saint. Found at Jerusalem (Roman province of Palaestina I). Precise provenance unknown. Probably 6th c.
E02796Greek painted inscriptions on pottery fragments, just possibly mentioning 'alms of the God-Bearer', i.e. *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at the Nea Church at Jerusalem (Roman province of Palaestina I). 6th c. or later.
E02804Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (1.5), tells how *Ambrose (bishop of Milan, ob. 397, S00490) attended in a dream the funeral of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in 397. Gregory also mentions how Martin was welcomed into heaven by *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 573/576.
E02820Bronze medallion with a Greek inscription invoking the help of possibly *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at 'Ein Ya'el near Jerusalem. Probably 6th c. or later.
E02822Mosaic panels from excavations under the modern Church of Mary's Nativity on the Via Dolorosa (Jerusalem), just possibly mentioning *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and her parents: *Joachim and Anne (S01327). Possibly 7th c. or later.
E02826Hymn in honour of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) composed in Latin in Hispania, possibly in the 7th century.
E02830Clay lamps with Greek inscriptions with names of saints: *Elijah/Elias (Old Testament prophet, S00217) and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Jerusalem (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably late 5th - early 8th c.
E02857Greek inscription, once wrongly thought to have mentioned a Christian orphanage affiliated with a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Caesarea Maritima (Roman Province of Palaestina I). Probably 5th - mid-7th c.
E02871Large marble block with a Greek inscription labelling it as a 'weight of (a church) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Caesarea Maritima (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably late antique.
E02883The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Jerusalem, and partly on various Byzantine Synaxaria, commemorates on 16 January the annunciation to *Joachim (father of Mary, S01327) of the birth of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and the martyrdom of *Sisinnios and his Companions (perhaps the Anaunian martyrs, S00608).
E02884The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th century, based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Jerusalem, commemorates on 18 January the consecration of the Monastery of Choziba of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), the bishops of Alexandria, *Alexander (ob. 326/328,S00294), *Athanasios (ob. 374, S00294), and *Kyrillos/Cyril (ob. 444, S00733), and *Paul of Thebes (the first anchorite, S01349).
E02899Lead seals of officials and ecclesiastics, decorated with images of saints, mainly *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), including a seal of the Nea Church in Jerusalem, dedicated to Mary. All found at Caesarea Maritima (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably 6th-7th c.
E02949The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 18 January, at the Monastery of Choziba, the dedication of the Monastery of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E02963Lead seals: of the emperor Phocas and of local notables, perhaps all from Askalon (Roman province of Palaestina I). Five are decorated with images of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), one of an unnamed orant saint, and one probably bears an invocation of *Mary. Probably 6th-7th c.
E02964Floor-mosaic with a fragmentary Greek inscription, possibly referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Ozem, 15km to the east of Askalon (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably 5th-6th c.
E03066The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem celebrates on 25 March the Annunciation to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03078The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on the second Tuesday of Pascha, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Holy Women (S01375).
E03081Clay stamp for making eulogiae with a Greek inscription referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and probably the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found at Tel Mefalsim/Khirbet Deir Dusawi near Gaza (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably 6th c.
E03093Eustratius, presbyter of Constantinople, composes a Life of *Eutychios (patriarch of Constantinople, ob. 582,S01383), probably to be read out at the first anniversary of his death; it presents Eutychios as an exemplary and unswervingly orthodox patriarch of Constantinople, describing his patriarchate, his persecution, and the miracles effected through him. Written in Greek in 583, or soon after. Overview entry
E03137Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions commemorating the paving of a church in a monastery dedicated to *Elijah/Elias (Old Testament prophet, S00217), and mentioning a presbyter, possibly of a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Kissufim (Kibbutz Magen/Tell Jamma) in the north-west Negev desert, to the south-east of Gaza (Roman province of Palaestina I). Dated 576.
E03216The Lives of the Fathers of Mérida (1), recounts how Agustus, a young boy serving the church of *Eulalia (virgin and martyr of Mérida, S00407) falls ill and during his illness has a vision of heaven and the saints; on the night following his death he is seen as a figure in white; he is buried in the basilica of Eulalia. Written in Latin in Mérida (south-west Spain), 633/680.
E03237The Latin Life of *Gaudentius (bishop of Novara, ob. 417, S01531) narrates Gaudentius’ association with *Laurentius (priest and martyr of Novara, S02438), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, S00050), *Eusebius (bishop of Vercelli, S01219) and *Ambrose (bishop of Milan, S00490); his miracles, appointment as bishop of Novara (northern Italy) and incomplete building of a basilica; after his death, the miracles performed by his uncorrupt body on display in the church of the mother of God (*Mary, mother of Christ, S00033), then in a tomb in the finished basilica. Written presumably in Novara, at an uncertain date, perhaps in the late 7th or early 8th c., and by the 9th c. at the latest.
E03238The Latin Apparition on Monte Gargano of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) narrates the miraculous origins of the cave-church of the Archangel on Monte Gargano and details of the cult practices that occur there. Also mentioned are the adjacent church dedicated to *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), with altars for *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *John (the Baptist, S00020). Written presumably on the Gargano peninsula (southern Italy), perhaps in the later 7th c., and by the 9th at the latest.
E03239The Latin Life of *Eusebius (bishop of Vercelli, ob. 371, S01219), set in the context of the period (notably the Arian controversy), narrates Eusebius’ youth and career, the miracles he effected, his exile to Scythopolis and return to Vercelli, where he is martyred and buried in a basilica that he had built next to the body of *Theognistus (martyr of Vercelli, E02469), where many miracles occur. Written presumably in Vercelli (northern Italy), at an uncertain date between the late 6th and early 9th c.
E03246The Latin Martyrdom of *Firmus and Rusticus (martyrs of Verona, S01487) and Translations of Firmus and Rusticus narrate (starting with the Martyrdom) Firmus and Rusticus’ arrest, trial in Milan and travel to Verona (both in northern Italy), where they are further tortured and beheaded; their bodies are taken away on a boat by seven angels. The Translations follows, narrating that they are buried by angels in Precones in the province of Carthage (central north Africa); their bodies are later miraculously found by a merchant named Terentius and his son Gaudentius, who is freed from a demon by touching the saints’ tomb; the bodies are purchased and brought by them to Capris in Istria (at the top of the Adriatic) and buried in a church dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033); finally, after an Avar invasion, the bodies are taken to nearby Trieste, purchased by bishop Anno of Verona together with the bodies of Primus, Marcus, Apollinaris and Lazarus, translated to Verona and buried in a basilica dedicated to them, miracles occurring on the way to Verona and in their shrine. Written presumably in Verona, at an uncertain date between the 8th and mid 9th c.
E03249The Latin Martyrdom of *Secundus (martyr of Victimulae and Turin, S02500) narrates Secundus’ travel to Italy with a legion, his trial and death witnessed by the future martyr *Mauritius (commander of the Theban legion, S00339), who holds vigils at his body on the site of martyrdom in Victimulae (close to Turin, northern Italy); the theft of the body which is brought to Turin and buried next to the river Dora, where miracles abound. Additional account about visitors to the oratory of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) in Turin taking dust and scraps from the tomb of Iuliana, who buried the saint *Solutor and his companions (martyrs of Turin, S01116). Written presumably in Turin, at an uncertain date, by the early 9th c. at the latest.
E03293The Lives of the Fathers of Mérida makes numerous references to the church in the city of *Eulalia (virgin and martyr of Mérida, S00407). Written in Latin in Mérida (south-west Hispania), 633/680.
E03347The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 11 August the dedication of the Church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03350The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 15 August *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03377The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 8 September at the Probatika, at the house of *Joachim (father of the Virgin Mary, S01327), the birth of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03381The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem prescribes a synaxis 12 September in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03408The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 24 October the dedication of the altar of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03435The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 20 November the dedication of the Church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) by the Emperor Justinian.
E03511The Lives of the Fathers of Mérida (4.9) tells a story about a man who went at night to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Mérida and witnessed there the Lauds celebrated by the saints; after the office, he saw them go to the adjoining basilica of *John, the Baptist (S00020). He also sees demonic figures plotting to hurt *Fidelis (bishop of Mérida, fl. 550/560, S03083). Written in Latin in Mérida (south-west Spain), 633/680.
E03661Fragments from one or more ecclesiastical document(s) in Greek on papyrus, probably mentioning a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), likely to be the cathedral of Petra, and, probably, a monastic establishment named after a certain 'Theodoros'. Found in Petra (Roman province of Palaestina III). Dated c. 561.
E03689The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th century, based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Jerusalem, celebrates on 25 March the Annunciation to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the appearance of the Mother of God to *Sabbas the Sanctified (founder of the Mar Saba Monastery, S00910).
E03696The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th century, based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Jerusalem, commemorates on 1 April the visitation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) to *Elisabeth (mother of John the Baptist, S01328), Stephen the Sabaite, 8th c. monk, *Mary of Egypt (S00903), the martyrdom of *Agape, Chione and Eirene (virgins and martyrs of Thessalonike, S00206), and the beginning of the week of the Annunciation.
E03720The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 25 April *Mark (the Evangelist, S00293), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Mary (mother of James, New Testament figure, S01818), *Salome (follower of Jesus, S01819), *Ioanna (the Myrrhbearer, New Testament figure, S01820), and *Mary and Martha of Bethany (followers of Jesus and sisters of Lazarus, S01326).
E03740The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, celebrates on 15 May the entry of the Mother of God into the Temple, and commemorates Alexander (bishop of Prusa), and *Isidoros (martyr of Chios, S00425).
E03765The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 9 June *Golinduch (Persian convert to Christianity, S00019) and the dedication of the Probatica, the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Kyrillos/Cyril (bishop of Alexandria, ob. 444, S00874).
E03829The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 11 August the dedication of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the monastery of Spoudaion, *Afra (martyr of Augsburg, S01797), *Myron, (bishop of Crete under Decius, S01798), and 'Elioz', probably *Elianos (martyr of Amman, S00889).
E03831The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, prescribes on 13 August synaxis at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S 00033), and commemorates *Aeglon (anchorite in Sketis, S01514) and *Maximos (the Confessor, ob. 662, S01455).
E03832The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, prescribes on 14 August synaxis for *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and commemorates *Aeglon (anchorite in Sketis, S01514), and *Dometios (monk of Syria, later 4th c., S00414), and *Elianos (martyr of Amman, S00889).
E03833The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, celebrates on 15 August the feast of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and commemorates *Georgios (possibly the monk of Choziba monastery, ob. after 614, S01522) and *Gerontios (possibly martyr in Carthage under Decius, S01432).
E03834The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, celebrates on 16 August the assumption of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and commemorates *Makarios (Bishop of Jerusalem, S01428).
E03835The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 17 August in the building of Priest Sabinos *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Paulos and Iouliana/Juliana, martyrs in Ptolemais, ob. 270, S01535).
E03839The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 21 August *Abraham (Old Testament patriarch, S00275), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Bassa (martyr of Edessa in Macedonia under Galerius, S01796) and *Aeglon (anchorite in Sketis, S01514).
E03840The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 22 August *Isaac (Old Testament patriarch, S00275), and *Jacob (Old Testament Patriarch, S00280), *Loukianos (martyr of Heliopolis-Baalbek, S00831) and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Agathonikos (martyr of Bithynia and Thrace, S01628).
E03849The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 31 August *1003 martyrs of Nikomedia (under Diocletian, S01513), *Joseph of Arimathea (New Testament figure, S01787), *Nicodemus (the Pharisee, S01788), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Symeon the Elder (stylite of Qal‘at Sim‘ān, ob. 459, S00343).
E03858The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 7 September *Lazarus (friend of Jesus, S01417), *Phokas (possibly martyr of Antioch on the Orontes, S00413), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Sozon(martyr of Cylicia under Maximian, S01624).
E03859The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 8 September the birth of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03866The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 15 September the death of *John Chrysostom (bishop of Constantinople, ob. 407, S00779) and *Niketas the Goth (martyr of the Danube region, buried at Mopsuestia, S00711), and probably *Martin (confessor and bishop of Rome, ob. 655/656, S00859).
E03886The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 5 October, at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Cyprian (bishop and martyr of Carthage, S,00411), *Thomas (the Apostle, S00199), and *Aaron (first High Priest, brother of Moses, S01427)
E03933The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 21 November *Philemon (probably the martyr of Antinoopolis, S00386), *Matthew (Apostle and Evangelist, S00791), *Akakios (probably the soldier and martyr of Byzantion, S00468), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033).
E03944In case of his imminent death, Flavios Obodianos, son of Obodianos, sets out on a papyrus in Greek (and partially in Latin), the donation of all his property to the monastery (hagios oikos/domus) of *Aaron (first High Priest, brother of Moses, S01427) on Jabal Hārūn near Petra, and to a hostel (xeneon) of *Kyrikos (child martyr of Tarsus, S00007). The Church of Petra dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) is also mentioned as the church of the clerics witnessing the donation. Found in Petra (Roman province of Palaestina III). Dated 573.
E04025Coptic agreement from Jeme (Upper Egypt) settling a dispute over inheritance, listing among the witnesses a deacon of a local church dedicated to the *Apostles (S00084), as well as a deacon and a priest of the local church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); dated 26 February 738.
E04036Coptic will of Paul, from Jeme (Upper Egypt), requesting a donation for his soul to be made to the shrine (topos) of the martyr Apa *Phoibammon (presumably the soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080). The scribe of the document seems to be a lector of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); dated to 28 December 733 or 748.
E04040Coptic inscription on nummulitic limestone, presumably from Middle Egypt, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Adam (the first man, S00772), the *Patriarchs (S00138) and *Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *Paul (the first anchorite, S00089) and his brothers, as well as list of holy monastic figures, such as *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), *Patermoute (perhaps the saint with cult at Jeme,S01222), *Proou, and all the saints; datable to the 6th/9th century.
E04121Lead plaque with an image of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) labelled in Greek. Found in the monastery on Tell Iztabba at Beit She'an/Skythopolis (Roman province of Palaestina II). Probably second half of the 6th/first half of the 7th c.
E04126The anonymous Greek Life of *Symeon Stylites the Younger (stylite near Antioch, ob. 592, S00860) recounts his ascetic withdrawal, life as a stylite, and numerous miracles in life. It includes references to miracles and shrines of *John the Baptist (S00020), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and the *Forty Martyrs of Sebaste (S00103). Written, probably by a monk of the monastery and shrine of the 'Wondrous Mountain' near Antioch (Syria), in the late 6th or early 7th c.
E04127The anonymous Greek Life of *Martha (mother of Symeon the Stylite the Younger, S00864), recounts her holy life, death, and burial at the 'Wondrous Mountain', and several posthumous miracles. Written, probably by a monk of the monastery and shrine of the Wondrous Mountain near Antioch (Syria), probably in the 7th c.
E04159Greek dedicatory inscription invoking the God of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Khirbet Futeis (ancient Photis) in the Negev desert, to the west of Beersheva, near Gaza and Menois (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 6th c.
E04163Greek inscriptions from the 'South Church' at Avdat/Oboda in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III), invoking the God of *Theodore, and *Theodore himself (probably the soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480). *Mary (the Mother of Christ, S00033) may also be mentioned in a scarcely legible passage. Probably second half of the 6th c.
E04219Law of King Ervig ordering that all the Jews living in the Visigothic kingdom should abstain from work on Sundays and on the major Christian festivities, among them the feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Latin law issued in 680 in Spain and included in the codification known as Lex Visigothorum.
E04221The laws of King Ervig concerning the Jews, included in the codification of law known as the Lex Visigothorum, are read in the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Toledo (central Spain) in 680.
E04233The Miracles of *Artemios (12) recount how *Artemios (martyr of Antioch under Julian, S01128), at his shrine in Constantinople, healed a boy suffering from a testicular hernia. After initially seeking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at her shrine in the Kyros quarter, the boy's mother was instructed in a dream vision to take him to the shrine of Artemios; here she experienced a dream vision of the saint, who cured her boy. Written in Greek in Constantinople, 582/668; assembled as a collection, 658/668.
E04253The Miracles of *Artemios (37) recount how *Artemios (martyr of Antioch under Julian, S01128), at his shrine in Constantinople, healed Andrew, a monk of the Pege Monastery, from a hernia. Artemios also punished a sceptic, Peter, who accompanied Andrew, with a hernia, before healing him. Written in Greek in Constantinople, 582/668; assembled as a collection, 658/668.
E04283Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built three churches to *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) in the suburbs of Constantinople: at Blachernae (built in the reign of Justin I, 518-527), at Pege, and at the place known as Hieron. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04284Fragmentary painted inscription in Greek, invoking the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and of unnamed saints. Found in the late antique church at Khirbat edh-Dharih to the northwest of Petra and Arindela (Roman province of Palaestina III/south Jordan). Probably 6th c.
E04291Greek fiscal codex from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a monastery of *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and a hamlet named after *Pinoution (S01613); dated 21 March 723.
E04292Greek fiscal codex from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a monastery of *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and a hamlet named after *Pinoution (S01613); datable to the 8th century.
E04294Greek fiscal codex from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning payments from various 'places' (topoi) dedicated to saints, such as a topos of *Enoch, *Mary, *Viktor (presumably the martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon, and *Papnouthios (probably the ascetic and martyr of Egypt, S01509), as well a district or institution named after *Pinoution (S01613); dated 18 June 706.
E04301Greek fiscal codex from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a district and a monastery dedicated to *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and an institution dedicated to Pinoution (S01613), dated 19 September 707.
E04303Greek fiscal codex from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a district and a monastery dedicated to *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) as well as a hamlet and an institution dedicated to Pinoution (S01613), dated 20 February 719.
E04306Greek list of payments from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a district and a monastery dedicated to *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and an institution dedicated to Pinoution (S01613); datable to the 8th century.
E04308Greek list of payments from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a district dedicated to *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and a hamlet dedicated to Pinoution (S01613), dated either 701–702 or 716–717.
E04309Greek list of payments from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning a district dedicated to *Mary (presumably the Mother of Christ, S00033) and a hamlet dedicated to Pinoution (S01613); datable to the 8th century.
E04317Greek list of tax payments from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning an institution dedicated to *Herakleios (S01785) and another dedicated to *Mary (presumably Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the 8th century.
E04321Greek list of payments from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt), mentioning an institution dedicated to *George (presumably the soldier and martyr, S00259), people associated with *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and a district of *Philotheos (probably the child martyr of Antioch, S00878); datable to the 8th century.
E04323Coptic fiscal document from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt) mentioning a monastery of *Mary (presumably Mary, Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the 7th/8th century.
E04343Greek inscriptions/graffiti invoking the God of *All Saints, the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), probably the *Forty Martyrs (of Sebasteia, S00103, or of the Sinai Desert, S01620), and saints whose names are lost. Found in Room 7 at the North Church at Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 5th-7th c.
E04344Greek inscriptions/graffiti invoking the help of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), of the God of *Sergios, and of a saint whose name is lost. Found in the north and east complexes at the North Church of Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 6th-7th c.
E04347Greek inscription on the abacus of a capital, invoking the mercy of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in the South Church at Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). Dated 601/602.
E04371Greek fragmentary account of a desert trading company/caravan (koinotes), containing a prayer for the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *John (the Baptist, S00020), and 'all the holy martyrs'. Written on papyrus. Found at Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). P.Nessana 89, probably late 6th/early 7th c.
E04374Greek daily record on papyrus of sales of dates, including eight entries on purchases by one Eusebios affiliated to an institution named after 'Holy Mary' (*Mary, Mother of Christ, S00033), and two by Menas affiliated to an institution named after the *Three Hebrew Youths (of the Old Testament Book of Daniel, S01198). Found at Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). P.Nessana 90, probably 6th-7th c.
E04387Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt the church of *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037) and established a shrine of *Priskos and Nikolaos (martyrs venerated at Blachernae, S00391) near the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Blachernae (suburb of Constantinople). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04398Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt the shrines of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Anaplous and Brochoi, on the Bosphorus, and a nearby church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04401Greek inscription/graffito invoking the mercy of Jesus and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Pharan/Tell Pheiran in the Sinai desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 5th-7th c.
E04404Floor-mosaic with a Greek funerary inscription for the presbyter and abbot Kyriakos, describing him as the founder of an oratory (eukterion) of *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and mentioning a donation to the Justinianic 'Nea' Church in Jerusalem, dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Jericho (Roman province of Palaestina I). Dated 566.
E04414Greek graffito invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found on a piece of plaster in buried debris at the site of the Church of the Annunciation in Nazareth (Roman province of Palaestina II). Probably predating mid-5th c.
E04415Fragmentary Greek inscription discovered at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) on Mount Gerizim (Roman province of Palaestina I), tentatively and probably wrongly identified as an invocation of Mary. Probably late 5th c. - 8th c.
E04419Canon 1 of the Tenth Council of Toledo, issued in Latin in 656, institutes the celebration of the feast of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) on 18 December and declares it equal to the feast of Nativity.
E04425Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a splendid church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) and a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in the city of Antioch on the Orontes in Syria. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04437Gregory the Great, in his Dialogues (1.9), describes six miracles effected by *Bonifatius (bishop of Ferento, 6th c., S01715): two in childhood and two when he was a bishop; one of these took place in a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); all in the region of Ferento, central Italy. Written in Latin in Rome, c. 593.
E04441Gregory the Great, in his Dialogues (1.12), describes a resurrection miracle effected by *Severus (priest of Interocrina, 6th c., S01718) in Interocrina, central Italy. Severus was a priest of a church dedicated to *Mary, Mother of Christ (S00033). Written in Latin in Rome, c. 593.
E04468Fragmentary Greek inscription carved on a lintel, invoking the help of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) for an emperor Constantine, probably Constantine IV (AD 668-685). Found at the gateway of Hisar Kapısı at Bursa/ancient Prusa ad Olympum (Bithynia, north-west Asia Minor).
E04477Gregory the Great, in his Dialogues (3.14), refers to a virgin called Gregoria who was at that time living in Rome, near a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), almost certainly S. Maria Maggiore. She provides information about *Isaac, (abbot of Spoleto, 6th c., S01755). Written in Latin in Rome, c. 593.
E04518Greek list of churches from Arsinoe (Fayum) including a church of *Dorotheos (saint with cult at Arsinoe, S02929) and a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the 6th/7th century.
E04524Scarcely legible Greek inscription on a lintel, with a building inscription probably mentioning *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and possibly a martyrion. Found at Ramsâniyye, near Quneitra and Paneas/Caesarea Philippi, in the Golan Heights, to the north-east of the Sea of Galilee (Roman province of Phoenicia Paralias). Probably 6th c.
E04533Greek inscription on a bronze cross, asking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) to give repose to a deceased person. Found at Shiloh near Sebaste (Samaria, Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably mid-5th – early 6th c.
E04560The Greek Life of *Daniel the Stylite (ob. 493, S00342) recounts the life and manifold miracles of an ascetic who, imitating *Symeon the Stylite (the Elder, ob. 459, S00343), lived on a pillar and founded a monastic community at Anaplous on the Bosphorus. The text mentions shrines of martyrs and prophets in Constantinople, the use of holy oil and images, and the transfer of relics of Symeon the Stylite and the *Three Hebrew Youths (of the Old Testament Book of Daniel, S01198) to Constantinople. Written in Constantinople, 493/518.
E04568Fragmentary Greek inscription, published only in part, referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and apparently from a church dedicated to her. Found at Kyaneai (Lycia, south-west Asia Minor). Probably 6th c.
E04579Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription commemorating the construction of a church dedicated to a saint *John (probably the *Baptist, S00020, or possibly the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042) through the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Khirbet Damun, Mount Carmel, near modern Haifa (Roman province of Phoenicia). Probably 6th c.
E04586Gregory the Great, in his Dialogues (4.16), in his account of a community of holy women in Rome, tells us they lived near a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), almost certainly S. Maria Maggiore. Written in Latin in Rome, c. 593.
E04588Gregory the Great, in his Dialogues (4.18), describes a vision experienced by a young girl, of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin in Rome, c. 593.
E04613The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 18 January.
E04631Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) dedicated a magnificent shrine, the Nea Ekklesia, to *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) in Jerusalem. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04642Coptic Homily on the Archangel *Michael (S00181), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to John Chrysostom, discussing Michael’s high status as an intercessor and mentioning *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as another powerful intercessor; allegedly originally written in the early 5th century and translated presumably sometime between the 5th and 9th century.
E04666The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 2 February.
E04681The presbyter Chrysippus of Jerusalem composes a Homily on *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), which he delivers during a festival in her honour, probably celebrating the Annunciation. Written in Greek, probably in Jerusalem, 455/479.
E04689Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Zeno (r. 474-491) expelled the Samaritans from Mount Gerizim, near the city of Neapolis in Palestine, and built on its summit a church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033), but only lightly (and ineffectually) fortified it; Justinian (r. 527-565) rendered it impregnable with a new wall. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04896Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a monastic church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) at Mount Sinai in Palestine, and also built a fortress there. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E04908The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 5 August.
E04913The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 10 August.
E04918The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 14 August.
E04919The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 15 August.
E04921The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 16 August.
E04945The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 8 September.
E04953The Greek Life of *Nikolaos of Sion (abbot and bishop in Lycia, ob. 564, S00559) recounts the foundation of the monastery of Holy Sion in the village of Pharroa in Lycia (south-west Asia Minor) and the miracles of Nikolaos, its first abbot. A number of shrines of different saints are mentioned in the narrative. Written in the late 6th c., probably at the monastery of Holy Sion. Overview entry
E04954The Greek Life of *Nikolaos of Sion (abbot and bishop in Lycia, ob. 564, S00559) reports that Nikolaos, bishop of Pinara, built a church for *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Pinara (Lycia, south-west Asia Minor), after a dream vision of her in the mid 6th century. Written in the late 6th c., probably at the monastery of Holy Sion in Lycia.
E04957The Greek Life of *Nikolaos of Sion (abbot and bishop in Lycia, ob. 564, S00559) mentions fifteen shrines of various saints at villages in the territory of Myra in Lycia (south-west Asia Minor), and the celebration of public feasts with sacrifices of oxen at them, organised by Nikolaos, abbot of the monastery of Holy Sion. Written in the late 6th c., probably at the monastery of Holy Sion in Lycia.
E05076Evagrius Scholasticus, in his Ecclesiastical History (4.36), recounts a miracle which occurred at Constantinople under Patriarch Menas (536-552). A Jewish boy is miraculously saved from burning in a furnace and reports a vision of a purple-clad woman, implying *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), who protected him. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria), 593/594.
E05078Evagrius Scholasticus, in his Ecclesiastical History (5.18), reports how a panel painting of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at a prison in Antioch turned around when the crypto-pagan official Anatolius resorted to it as a supplicant in c. 579. Dream visions of Mary are reported to have also condemned Anatolius and presaged his fall. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria), 593/594.
E05079Evagrius Scholasticus, in his Ecclesiastical History (5.21), reports that the future emperor Maurice (r. 582-602), while offering incense at the altar of the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Antioch (Syria), received a sign of his future greatness. Written in Greek at Antioch, 593/594.
E05099Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) renovated a great number of monasteries in the region of Jerusalem (and elsewhere in the East), many of them dedicated to saints. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E05121Coptic Encomion on *Abbaton, the Angel of Death (S01947), attributed to Timothy, the archbishop of Alexandria (AD 381–384), delivered on the feast day of Abbaton, relating how Timothy visited the shrine (martyrion) of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the Valley of Iosaphat, and how he obtained a book from the library at Jerusalem in which Christ relates the reason for God’s creation of Abbaton to his disciples, from which he then reads or cites to the congregation, explaining to them that honouring the saints is a service to God; written allegedly in the late 4th century.
E05126Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) in the city of Augila in Cyrenaica (eastern North Africa) to serve the recently pagan population. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E05127Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a notable church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033), and four other churches, in the city of Lepcis Magna in Tripolitania (eastern North Africa). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E05139Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a shrine of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) within the palace at Carthage (central North Africa) and one of *Prima (female saint of Carthage, S01895) outside the palace; both after 534. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s.
E05169The Latin Calendar of Sinai records the feasts of saints through the year, followed by a list of the apostles to various regions of Christianity. Written possibly in North Africa, possibly in the 7th/8th c.; preserved in a manuscript, probably of the 9th c., in St Catherine's monastery, Sinai. Basic Entry.
E05172Latin Orationale of the Old Hispanic Liturgy of the 7th c. (Orationale Visigothicum), with prayers used on the feasts of saints in December: *Leocadia (virgin and confessor of Toledo, S01367), *Eulalia (virgin and martyr of Mérida, S00407), *Mary, Mother of Christ (S00033), *Stephen, the First Martyr (S00030), *Eugenia (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00401), *John the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042), *Columba (virgin and martyr of Sens, 01862).
E05264John Moschus, in his Spiritual Meadow (46), recounts how Abba Kyriakos, a priest at the Lavra of Kalamon on the Holy Jordan had a dream in which *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) accompanied by *John (the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042) and *John the Baptist (S00020) came to him, and revealed that Kyriakos unwittingly had heretical Nestorian writings in his cell. Written in Greek, probably in Rome, in the 620s or 630s.
E05276The Coptic Life of *Samuel of Kalamun (monk, monastic founder and healing saint, S01991), presented by Isaak, a monk and priest at the monastery of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) founded by Samuel at Kalamun (in the Fayum) on the saint’s feast day, relates his asceticism and sanctity, his visions of angels, his special bond with the Virgin Mary to whom he dedicated his monastic church, his gift of prophecy, and his miraculous healing powers, referring to the ascetic as a martyr without being beheaded. Written presumably at Kalamun in the later 8th c.
E05283The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions several shrines and festivals of saints at Sykeon and other places in Anatolia, the Holy Land, and Constantinople. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s.
E05284John Moschus, in his Spiritual Meadow (45),recounts how a certain recluse on the Mount of Olives was attacked by the demon of sexual desire who promised to stop annoying him if he ceased venerating the icon which displayed *Mary (Mother of Christ; S00033) carrying Jesus Christ. Written in Greek, probably in Rome, in the 620s or 630s.
E05287John Moschus, in his Spiritual Meadow (68), mentions the New church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), presumably Justinian's 'Nea' in Jerusalem. Written in Greek, probably in Rome, in the 620s or 630s.
E05289John Moschus, in his Spiritual Meadow (77), mentions a church of *Mary (Mother of God; S00033) founded in Alexandria by Patriarch Eulogius I (580-608), and a church of *John (probably the Baptist, S00020), probably also in Alexandria. He also records a legend that Alexander the Great brought the relics of *Jeremiah (the Prophet, S01421) and had them buried at the so-called Tetrapylon in Alexandria. Written in Greek, probably in Rome, in the 620s or 630s.
E05291The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619) is written by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, recounting the life, ascetic feats, and miracles of its hero, and the foundation of the monastic centre of Sykeon in Galatia (central Asia Minor). The text mentions several shrines and festivals of saints in cities and villages of Asia Minor, and also in Constantinople and the Holy Land. Written in Greek at Sykeon, in the 640s. Overview entry
E05308Fragmentary Latin epitaph with an invocation of a female saint whose name is lost, and possibly of unnamed martyrs, asked to accept the soul of the deceased. Found in the ager Veranus, via Tiburtina, Rome. Probably from the cemetery of Cyriaca. Probably late 4th – early 5th c.
E05332The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions a pilgrimage of its hero in c. 600 to the shrine of an icon of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Sozopolis of Pisidia (west central Anatolia), which produced a miraculous flow of myrrh. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s.
E05336John Moschus, in his Spiritual Meadow (180), recounts a story about Abba John the Anchorite who lived in a cave 20 miles from Jerusalem. John had an icon of *Mary (Mother of Christ; S00033) in his cave. He used to travel to visit martyr shrines, even very distant ones, including those of *John (the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042) at Ephesus (western Asia Minor), *Theodore (soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480) at Euchaita (northern Asia Minor), *Thekla (follower of the Apostle Paul, S00092) at Seleucia (southern Asia Minor), and *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023) at Rusafa/Sergiopolis (north-east Syria). Whenever Abba John was about to set off on a journey, he lit a lamp and prayed to Mary asking her to keep it from going out. When he returned from a journey, he always found the lamp alight. Written in Greek, probably in Rome, in the 620s or 630s.
E05349The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions several festivals of saints, including processions, night vigils and the celebration of the Eucharist, celebrated in the 6th and 7th centuries at Iouliopolis, Germia and Sykeon (all in central Asia Minor), and in Constantinople. Written at Sykeon, in the 640s.
E05352The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions pilgrimage visits by its hero to the Anatolian shrines of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Heraclea of Pontus and Sozopolis of Pisidia, *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Germia, and *Autonomos (martyr of Nicomedia, S00016) in Bithynia. Some of these visits are described as vows. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s.
E05361The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions the acquisition of bodily relics of *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and of the cloak of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), by the monastery of Theodoros at Sykeon. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s.
E05442Coptic funerary inscription from Wadi Sarga (Upper Egypt), with an invocation of *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Mary (S00033), the *Apostles (S00084), *Anoup (the monk and monastic founder,S00774, or the saint with cult at Wadi Sarga, S02068), Apa *Thomas (S01695), and Apa *Paese (S02067); datable to the 7th/8th century.
E05446Fragment of a Coptic funerary inscription from Wadi Sarga (Upper Egypt), with an invocation of *Mary (S00033) and *Adam (the first man, S00772); datable to the 7th/8th century.
E05457Proclus of Constantinople composes his Homily 1, On *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), which he delivers during her feast of 26 December at the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. It was received as a landmark text for the theology of the role of Mary in the Incarnation of Christ. Written in Greek in 430.
E05458Proclus of Constantinople composes his Homily 5, On *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), which focuses on the theology of the Incarnation of Christ, and is thought to be related to a new feast of Mary, established at Constantinople in that period. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 420s or 430s.
E05459Proclus of Constantinople (?) composes his Homily 6, On *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the early 5th c. The attribution to Proclus is uncertain.
E05503The Miracles of Saint Thekla (14) recounts how *Thekla (follower of the Apostle Paul, S00092) made a certain Hypsistios convert to the Christian faith at the entreaty of his wife's prayers, by first striking him with illness and then curing him. Written in Greek at Seleucia ad Calycadnum (southern Asia Minor), 430/470.
E05555Venantius Fortunatus writes eleven books of Poems in Latin, mainly in western and north-western Gaul, 565/600; many of them with reference to saints. Overview entry.
E05635Venantius Fortunatus, in a poem (1.15) to Leontius, bishop of Bordeaux, tells of the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) founded by him in Bordeaux (south-west Gaul), in 542/571. Written in Latin in Gaul, 565/576.
E05665John Malalas, in his Chronographia (4.8), reports that the emperor Zeno (r. 474-475, 476-491) converted the temple of the goddess Rhea in Cyzicus/Kyzikos (north-west Asia Minor) into a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c.
E05727John Malalas, in his Chronographia (15.8), reports that, after the Samaritan revolt of Justasas, the emperor Zeno (r. 474-491) rebuilt the church of *Prokopios (martyr of Caesarea of Palestine, S00118) in Caesarea, and converted the Samaritan synagogue of Mount Gerizim into a church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); all in Palestine. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c.
E05735John Malalas in his Chronographia (Book 17), in an account of events in Antioch (Syria) in the early 6th century, mentions the local shrines of *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), unnamed *Prophets (S00139), *Zachariah (probably the father of John the Baptist, S00597, or the Old Testament Prophet, S00283), and *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers and physician martyrs, S00385), as well as a Gate of *Ioulianos (martyr of Cilicia buried at Antioch, S00305). Written in Greek at Antioch or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c.
E05747John Malalas, in his Chronographia (18.132 and 141), mentions that, in the context of events in 551 and 562, people sought sanctuary at the shrines of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) at Blachernae (Constantinople) and *Euphemia (martyr of Chalcedon, S00017) at Chalcedon (north-west Asia Minor, near Constantinople). The authorities arrested them none the less. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the 560s.
E05786Agnellus of Ravenna, in his Liber Pontificalis Ecclesiae Ravennatis, written in Latin, refers to the foundation of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Pula (Istria) and the decoration of a church dedicated to *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288) in Ravenna (northern Italy); he claims these events took place in 546/557. Account written in Ravenna in 830/846.
E05790Agnellus of Ravenna, in his Liber Pontificalis Ecclesiae Ravennatis, written in Latin, refers to the foundation and decoration of several churches and monasteria dedicated to *Theodore (soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Paul (the Apostle, S00009) in Ravenna (northern Italy). He claims these events took place between 475 and 691. Account written in Ravenna in 830/846.
E05811Agnellus of Ravenna, in his Liber Pontificalis Ecclesiae Ravennatis, written in Latin, quotes Latin inscriptions and refers to foundations in honour of the *Vitalis (martyr of Ravenna, S02826), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Gervasius and Prostasius (brothers and martyrs of Milan, S00313), and *Nazarius (martyr of Milan, S00281) in Ravenna (northern Italy). Agnellus claims these inscriptions and foundations were made during the episcopate of Ecclesius (bishop of Ravenna, 522-532); account written in Ravenna in 830/846.
E05815Agnellus of Ravenna, in his Liber Pontificalis Ecclesiae Ravennatis, written in Latin, refers to the reconciliation to Orthodoxy by Bishop Agnellus (557-570) of several previously Arian churches, located in and around Ravenna (northern Italy). The new dedications are recorded as being to *Eusebius (bishop of Vercelli, ob. 371, S01219), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and *Theodore (soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480), all in Ravenna; to *Sergius (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023) in Classe; and to *Zeno (bishop of Verona, ob. 371, S01558) in Caesarea. Account written in Ravenna in 830/846.
E05840The Calendar of Willibrord, in its earliest version, records the feasts of various saints in January. Written in Latin at Echternach, Frisia (north-east Gaul), 703/710.
E05858The Calendar of Willibrord, in its earliest version, records the feasts of various saints in August. Written in Latin at Echternach, Frisia (north-east Gaul), 703/710.
E05859The Calendar of Willibrord, in its earliest version, records the feasts of various saints in September. Written in Latin at Echternach, Frisia (north-east Gaul), 703/710.
E05868An authentic Anglo-Saxon charter records a grant by Wihtred, king of the people of Kent (south-east Britain), of land to the church at Lyminge, Kent, dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin, probably in Kent, July 697 or 712.
E05878Romanos the Melodist composes his kontakia /cantica (hymns) 57 and 58, on the *Forty Martyrs of Sebaste (S00103); they are invoked as heavenly protectors of the state and allies of the emperor at war. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the mid-6th c. (possibly after 548).
E05886Hesychius of Jerusalem preaches his Homilies 1 and 2 on the feast of Hypapante (the Presentation of Jesus in the Temple), celebrated on 14 February at the Martyrion (Golgotha) in Jerusalem; it contains extensive references to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Jerusalem, in the 410s or 420s.
E05887Hesychius of Jerusalem composes his Homily 5, On *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), which he delivers during a feast, perhaps the earliest version of the Marian feast of 15 August, celebrated at the shrine of Kathisma, between Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Written in Greek at Jerusalem, in the 430s.
E05888Hesychius of Jerusalem composes his Homily 6, On *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), focused on the Annunciation; it was probably preached during a feast held at the church of Holy Sion in Jerusalem four days after Epiphany. Written in Greek at Jerusalem, in the 410s or early 420s.
E05916List of the churches and monasteries in and around Auxerre (central Gaul) whose clergy were to conduct mass in the cathedral of Auxerre in given weeks throughout the year. Written in Latin at Auxerre (central Gaul) in the time of Bishop Tetricus or Treticus (692-707), probably in the year 692/3. It lists churches dedicated to *Germanus (bishop of Auxerre, ob. 448, S00455), *Amator (bishop of Auxerre, ob. 418, S01980), *Marianus (ascetic of Auxerre, 5th c., S02175), *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), and *Julian (martyr of Brioude, S00035), *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), *Eusebius (probably the bishop of Vercelli, ob. 371, S01219), *Nazarius (martyr of Milan, 00281), *Memmius (first bishop of Châlons-en-Champagne, S01285), *Gervasius and Protasius (brothers and martyrs of Milan, S00313).
E05940Ildefonsus of Toledo (Spain) begins his work On the Virginity of Holy Mary with an elaborate prayer to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Composed in Latin in Toledo, before 667.
E05965The will of Desiderius, bishop of Cahors (ob. c. 655), summarised in the Latin Life of Desiderius (E08220), leaves property to churches or monasteries in and around Cahors (south-west Gaul), dedicated to fourteen named saints or pairs of saints. Summary written in Cahors, c. 670/700.
E05971Coptic ostracon from the area of Hermonthis (Upper Egypt) with an excerpt from a calendar of saints’ feast days, such as those of *Jakob (S00858), *Arsenios and Loukios (ascetics of Syrian origin, and martyrs near Panopolis, S02600), *Theognosta (perhaps the mother of George, S01537), *Athanasios (possibly the bishop of Alexandria, ob. 373, S00294), *David (Old Testament king of Israel and Psalmist, S00269), *Daniel (possibly the disciple and biographer of Arsenios, S02379) *Zoilos (possibly the disciple of Arsenios, S02378) and *Anna (possibly the mother of Mary, S01614), *Maria (possibly Mary, mother of Christ, S00033) and *Sophia (perhaps the head of a convent in Edessa, ob. 363, S02381); datable to the 7th century.
E05991Coptic ostracon from Deir el-Bahari (Upper Egypt) with a list of saints or rather institutions dedicated to saints, such as *Mary (presumably Mary, mother of Christ, S00033), Apa *Michael (presumably the Archangel, S00181), and Apa Biktor (possibly Viktor, son of Romanos, S00749), possibly also one to *Mena (presumably Menas, soldier and martyr celebrated at Abu Mena); datable to the 7th century.
E06074Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), adjoining the church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06076Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to Jerusalem, where he saw a cloth said to be woven by *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), depicting Christ and the twelve *Apostles (S02422). Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06077Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in the valley of Josaphat, Jerusalem, containing her empty tomb. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06079Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a cave in Jerusalem, containing the four tables where the *Apostles (S02422) sat with Christ. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06082Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a church dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), at the site of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06091Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, reports the recent visit of the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf to a church in Nazareth, built on the site where *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192) spoke to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/689.
E06095The will of Bertram/Bertrand, bishop of Le Mans, of 27 March 616, establishes as the bishop's heirs two churches at Le Mans (north-west Gaul), one dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), the other to the Apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008), which Bertram himself had built; and makes provisions concerning numerous properties across Gaul, including churches associated with various saints, mostly in or around Le Mans. Written in Latin at Le Mans.
E06105A late 5th to 7th century Greek homily On *Luke (the Evangelist), misattributed to Hesychius of Jerusalem, is the earliest extant source for the saint’s feast on 18 October. The text stresses Luke's role as source of our knowledge about *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). A subscript mentions the saint’s death in Thebes of Boeotia (Greece). Unknown provenance.
E06117Adomnán, in his On the Holy Places, relates a story the Franco-Gallic bishop Arculf heard, during his recent visit to Constantinople, about an image there of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), which miraculously exuded oil. Written in Latin at Iona (north-west Britain), possibly 683/9.
E06143Three authentic or substantially authentic Merovingian royal diplomas survive from before 700, which record the concessions of successive Frankish kings of a royal property at Ardin (western Gaul) to the cathedral of Le Mans (north-west Gaul) dedicated to *Gervasius (martyr of Milan, S00349), and also *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin in Gaul, 669/670-698.
E06145A substantially authentic Merovingian royal diploma in the name of Theuderic III, king of the Franks, records a dispute over a women's monastery in Tuffé (north-west Gaul) dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and other unnamed saints. Written in Latin, probably at Compiègne (north-east Gaul), 677.
E06224An authentic Merovingian royal diploma records the gift of the forest of Cormeilles by Childebert III, king of the Franks, to the women's monastery at Argenteuil (northern Gaul) dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), the Apostles *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008) and other unnamed saints. Written in Latin, probably at Compiègne (northern Gaul), 697.
E06226Two authentic Merovingian royal diplomas record the foundation and endowment by Sigebert III, king of the Franks, of the monasteries at Stavelot and Malmedy (north-east Gaul), which hold relics of, *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Paul (the Apostle, S00008), *John (probably the Baptist, S00020), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), and other unnamed saints; and their later confirmation by Theuderic III, king of the Franks; in this confirmation the monasteries are recorded as being in honour of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), of the apostles Peter and Paul, and other unnamed saints. Written in Latin in Gaul, 643/7 and 679/91.
E06227A substantially authentic Merovingian royal diploma records the immunity confirmed by Clovis III, king of the Franks, to the monastery at Sithiu (now Saint-Bertin) (north-east Gaul) dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), the Apostles *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008), and other unnamed saints. Written in Latin in Gaul, 692.
E06230An authentic Merovingian royal diploma records the immunity confirmed by Childebert III, king of the Franks, for the monastery at Fossatus (now Saint-Maur-des-Fossés) (northern Gaul) dedicated to *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and other *unnamed saints (S00518). Written in Latin in Gaul, 694/711.
E06232The Formulary of Marculf includes a template for a charter with which to found a monastery or oratory dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), or alternatively another saint. Written in Latin in Gaul, probably c. 650/730.
E06237Venantius Fortunatus, in a poem on virginity (8.3), gives a list of prominent female virgin saints. Written in Latin in Gaul, probably in the early 570s.
E06245Venantius Fortunatus, in a poem on virginity (8.3), when describing the court of heaven lists numerous saints with the cities of their resting-place. Written in Latin in Gaul, probably in the early 570s.
E06246Ten episcopal charters of debated authenticity, granting privileges of immunity to monasteries, record various dedications to saints at monastic churches in Gaul. Some of the charters note among their precedents the special privileges already enjoyed by the church at Chalon-sur-Saône dedicated to *Marcellus (martyr of Chalon-sur-Saône, S00323) and 'the place of the saints of Agaune' (north-east Gaul), i.e. its monastery dedicated to *The Theban Legion (martyrs of Agaune, S00339). Written in Latin in Gaul, 637-92.
E06261Cyril of Alexandria in 431, during the Council of Ephesus, preaches three homilies on *Mary (Mother of God, S00033) and one on *John (the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042); two are explicitly delivered at the Ephesian shrines of the two saints. Written in Greek at Ephesus (western Asia Minor).
E06266The Latin Life of Lady *Balthild (queen of the Franks, ob. 680, S02359) records the saint's life, death, and one posthumous miracle. Written in Gaul, possibly at the monastery at Chelles (near Paris), 680/690. Overview entry
E06281Fragmentary Greek epitaph on a marble slab mentioning *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and invoking God to grant the deceased rest together with *All Saints (S01151). Found in the Basilica of St Kodratos at Corinth (northeastern Peloponnese). Probably 5th-6th c.
E06283The Latin Life of *Caesarius (bishop of Arles, ob. 542, S00491), records in two books the bishop's life, miracles (several through objects that had been in contact with the saint), and death. Several churches and feasts in Arles are mentioned. Written by five clerics of the ecclesiastical province of Arles (southern Gaul), 542/5.
E06310Coptic invocation possibly from Panopolis (Upper Egypt) addressing* Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00030), *Zechariah (presumably the father of John the Baptist, S00597) and *5400 Martyrs (unnamed, S00060) to cause someone physical harm; datable to the end of the 4th/beginning of the 5th century.
E06319The Lives of the Abbots of Habendum (Remiremont, eastern Gaul) records the abbacies and early cults of *Amatus (ob. 627, S02407), *Romaric (ob. 653, S02973) and *Adelphius (ob. c. 670, S02974). Written in Latin in Gaul, probably at Habendum, c. 670/700.
E06331Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 2.12) of 592, to Bishop Importunus (probably a bishop in Campania, southern Italy), mentions a church dedicated to *Mary (the Mother of Christ, S00033) in Importunus' diocese. Written in Latin in Rome.
E06347Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 3.58) of 593, to Fortunatus, bishop of Naples, mentions the foundation of an oratory dedicated to *Mary (the Mother of Christ, S00033) in the city or territory of Naples (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06388Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 9.49) of 598, to Bishop Chrysantus of Rieti, asks him to consecrate contact relics (sanctuaria) of *Hermes (martyr of Rome, buried on the via Salaria vetus, S00404), *Hyacinthus (companion of Protus, and martyr of Rome, S01556) and *Maximus (martyr of Rome, buried on the via Salaria vetus, S00173) at a font in a church dedicated to Christ and to *Mary (the mother of Christ, S00033) in Rieti (central Italy). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06389Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 9.54) of 598, to Romanus, defensor of the papal patrimony in Sicily, asks him to help the abbess of a monastery of *Mary (the Mother of Christ, S00033) in Naples (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06409Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 9.210) of 599, to Romanus, defensor of the papal patrimony in Sicily, writes about a slave of a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Saponara (Sicily). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06429Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 13.10) of 602, to its abbess Talasia, grants privileges to a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Autun (central Gaul). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06432Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 13.22) of 602, to Honorius, bishop of Taranto, authorises the building of a baptistry in a church dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) in Taranto (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06442Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 14.9) of 603, to Iohannes, bishop of an unnamed see, authorises the consecration of a basilica dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) somewhere in southern Italy. Written in Latin in Rome.
E06446Gregory the Great, in a general admonition (Register, Appendix 4), encourages participation in the annual 'greater litany' (laetania maior), with a supplicatory procession from the church of *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S01229) 'of Lucina', to that of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) [at the Vatican]; all in Rome, 590/604. Written in Latin in Rome.
E06449Gregory the Great in a document of 603 (Register, Appendix 9) issues instructions for a sevenfold litany (septiformis letania), with seven supplicatory processions through Rome to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) [Santa Maria Maggiore], seeking the end of an unspecified scourge from God; the processions are to leave from the following churches: of *John (the Baptist, S00020); *Marcellus (bishop and martyr of Rome, S00529); *Iohannes and Paulus (brothers and eunuchs, martyrs of Rome, S00384); *Cosmas/Kosmas and Damianus (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385); *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030); *Vitalis (martyr of Ravenna, S02826); *Caecilia (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00146). Written in Latin in Rome.
E06450Gregory the Great with a papal letter (Register, Appendix 10) of 599, to Secundinus, an anchorite, sends images of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the Apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008), as well as a cross and a key, the latter probably containing a relic. Written in Latin in Rome.
E06466The Latin Life of *Maurilius (bishop of Angers, ob. 453, S02421), primarily an account of the saint's many lifetime miracles, is written by Magnobodus, bishop of Angers (north-west Gaul), in about 620.
E06468Cyril of Scythopolis composes the Life of *Euthymios (monastic founder in Palestine, οb. 472, S01352), recounting his life as a miracle-working ascetic, adding a set of posthumous miracle stories, and including references to the cult of several other saints. Written in Greek at the New Laura in Palestine, in 555/557. Overview entry
E06487Baudonivia's Life of *Radegund (former queen and monastic founder, ob. 587, S00182), recounts the abbess' life, death, and miracles, detailing in particular her collection of relics, as well as wider cult activity in and around the city of Poitiers (western Gaul). Written in Latin at Poitiers, 587/613.
E06492The Latin Life of *Rusticula, also known as Marcia (abbess of Arles, ob. 627/632, S02433), is written by the presbyter Florentius; it recounts her pious childhood, her many years as abbess of the monastery of saint John at Arles (southern Gaul), her political travails, and several lifetime and posthumous miracles. Written in southern Gaul, c. 627/640. Overview entry.
E06493The Latin Life of *Sadalberga (abbess of Laon, ob. 671/8, S02434) records the saint's life, miracles, and death. Written perhaps at Laon (north-east Gaul), c. 680.
E06498Cyril of Scythopolis composes the Life of *Ioannes/John the Hesychast (ascetic in Palestine, ob. 559, S02544), recounting his life as a miracle working ascetic, while the hero is still alive. Written in Greek in Palestine, 555/557.
E06517Jerome, in his Letter 108, describes how Paula in 385/6 visited the birthplace of Jesus in Bethlehem, referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin in Bethlehem (Palestine), 404.
E06533Hymn in honour of *John, the Apostle and Evangelist (S00042), composed in Latin presumably in Spain in the 7th c.
E06541The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in February.
E06542The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in March.
E06573Aldhelm, in his prose On Virginity, names *Apollonius (ascetic and monastic leader in Egypt, 4th c., S02466) as an exemplary virgin. Written in Latin in southern Britain, for the nuns at the monastery at Barking (south-east Britain), c. 675/686.
E06574Aldhelm, in his prose On Virginity, names *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as an exemplary virgin. Written in Latin in southern Britain, for the nuns at the monastery at Barking (south-east Britain), c. 675/686.
E06575Aldhelm, in his prose On Virginity, names *Caecilia (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00146) as an exemplary virgin. Written in Latin in southern Britain, for the nuns at the monastery at Barking (south-east Britain), c. 675/686.
E06588The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in August.
E06589The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in September.
E06606The Greek Martyrdom of *Anastasios the Persian (monk and martyr of Persia, ob. 628, S02052) recounts the conversion of a young Persian soldier to Christianity and his martyrdom in the reign of Khusro II: Anastasios learned of Christianity when the True Cross was transferred to Persia after the conquest of Jerusalem [in 614], and was baptised soon thereafter in the Holy City, where he became a monk; his wish to suffer martyrdom led him to Caesarea, where he was apprehended, interrogated, imprisoned and tortured; he was then transferred to Persia, where he was tried and executed by strangulation. His body was buried by a monastery of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023) in Persia, where his tunic effected a posthumous miracle. Written shortly after the martyrdom [in 628], by an anonymous monk of the lavra of St Sabas, near Jerusalem.
E06659Aldhelm's verse On Virginity lists a range of saints as exemplary virgins, with some variations to the list found in the earlier prose version of the same treatise. Written in Latin in southern Britain, for the nuns at the monastery at Barking (south-east Britain), c. 675/710. Overview entry
E06677Cyril of Scythopolis composes the Life of *Sabas (‘the Sanctified’, monastic founder in Palestine, ob. 532, S00910), recounting his life as a miracle working ascetic and founder of numerous monasteries, adding a set of posthumous miracle stories, and including references to cults of several other saints. Written in Greek at the New Laura in Palestine, 555/557. Overview entry
E06737Greek building inscription on a marble threshold probably referring to the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found in the early Christian basilica of Paiania near Athens (Attica, central Greece). Probably 5th or first half of the 6th c.
E06769Cyril of Scythopolis composes the Life of *Theodosios (the Coenobiarch, abbot in Palestine, ob. 528, S01325), recounting his life as a miracle working ascetic. Written in Greek in Palestine, 555/557.
E06812Greek account book from Hermopolis (Middle Egypt), listing institutions dedicated to *Kollouthos (physician and martyr of Antinoopolis, S00641), *Phoibammon (presumably the soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033); datable to the beginning of the 7th century.
E06887List of subscriptions documenting foundations dedicated to saints in Constantinople, Syria, and Palestine, preserved in a petition to Pope Agapitus I from eastern monks. Written in Greek in Constantinople in 536.
E06917Aldhelm's poem On the Basilica of the Blessed Mary, Perpetual Virgin records the dedication of a church to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), presumably in Britain. Written in Latin in southern Britain, c. 670/710.
E06918Aldhelm's poem On the Church of Mary Built by Bugga records the consecration on 15/16 August of a church with an apse dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), constructed by a daughter of Centwine, king of the West Saxons (south-west Britain), apparently in that same kingdom. Written in Latin in southern Britain, 689/710.
E06932Will of Caesarius, bishop of Arles, making provisions for ecclesiastical foundations dedicated to *John (the Baptist, S00020), *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), and *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Arles (southern Gaul). Written in Latin at Arles, 512/42.
E06972A probably partly authentic papal letter of privilege issued by Pope John IV in 640/2 grants special rights to a now-unidentifiable women's monastery in Gaul, possibly at or near Sens (northern Gaul), dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), *Columba (virgin and martyr of Sens, S01862), *Agatha (virgin and martyr of Catania, S00794), and other unnamed martyrs. Written in Latin at Rome.
E06978Sophronius of Jerusalem, in his Miracles of the Saints Cyrus and John (12), recounts how *Kyros and Ioannes/Cyrus and John (physician and soldier, martyrs of Egypt, S00406) healed a rich and dissolute young man of Alexandria, Ioulianos, in both body and soul by making him renounce the heresy of the Gaianites and join the Catholic Church in a church of Alexandria dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek in Alexandria, 610/615.
E07001The De Locis Sanctis, a guide to the martyrs' burials around Rome, is followed by an Appendix listing 21 churches dedicated to saints within the Aurelianic walls of Rome. Written in Latin in Rome, certainly after 625 and before 790, possibly in 642/683.
E07032Coptic Homily on the Virgin *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), attributed to Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 313–387), supposedly written and translated in the 4th to 6th century. Skeleton entry
E07041Coptic fragments from the Life of Apa *Thomas (presumably the ascetic and patron saint at Wadi Sarga (Upper Egypt), S01695), of unknown Egyptian provenance, mentioning a vision of *Mary (Mother of Christ S00033) resulting in the making of a new member of the monastic community; datable to the 7th/8th c.
E07119The Greek Life of *Alexios the Man of God (ascetic of Edessa and Rome, S01211) reproduces an earlier Syriac edifying story about a disguised ascetic holy man, but places his death in Rome (not Edessa in northern Mesopotamia), and claims that he was buried at the church of *Bonifacius (martyr, buried on Rome's Aventine hill, S00523). It mentions a speaking image of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Edessa. Probably written in Rome, in the 7th century or later.
E07159Procopius of Caesarea, in his Secret History (3.21-29), recounts how Photius, foster son of Belisarius, when trying to escape house arrest imposed on him by the empress Theodora, sought asylum in the churches of *Mary (Mother of Christ; S00033) and *Sophia (Holy Wisdom, S00705); Photius also had a vision of *Zechariah (Old Testament Prophet, S00283) who bade him escape to Jerusalem. Written in Greek in Constantinople, in 550/562.
E07175The Life of Georgios (monk of Choziba, ob. after 614, 1522), by Antonios of Choziba, recounts his life, miracles, and doctrines, and includes stories of miracles of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) occurring at Choziba (Palestine). Written in Greek in the monastery of Choziba, 614/628.
E07176The Miracles of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) at the Monastery of Choziba, by Antonios of Choziba, includes a reference to the healing miracles that occur at the tomb of the first five holy monks of the monastery, *Promos, Elias, Gannaios, Aian, and Zenon (monks of Choziba, S02757). The tomb also produced a miraculous flow of healing oil. Written in Greek at the monastery of Choziba (Palestine), between 614 and 628.
E07375Sophronius of Jerusalem, in his Miracles of the Saints Cyrus and John (36), recounts how *Kyros and Ioannes/Cyrus and John (physician and soldier, martyrs of Egypt, S00406), through multiple appearances in dreams healed from gout and converted Theodoros, a man from Thennesos (Lower Egypt) who was a heretical follower of Julian of Halicarnassus, at their shrine at Menouthis (near Alexandria, Lower Egypt). An icon is described which represented Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *John (the Baptist, S00020), surrounded by prophets, apostles and martyrs. Written in Greek in Alexandria, 610/615.
E07377Lombard charter recording a dispute between the bishops of Siena and Arezzo (central Italy), concerning rural churches dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Ansanus (martyr of Siena, S01345), *John (probably the Baptist, S00020), *Restituta (probably the virgin and martyr of Africa, S02765) and *Gervasius (martyr of Milan, S00313). Written in Latin, probably at Siena, c. 650.
E07666On the Miracles which Took Place after the Death of the Blessed Abbess *Gertrudis (of Nivelles, ob. 659, S02402) supplements the saint's Life with nine miracle stories, many involving the bed on which she died. Written in Latin, probably at Nivelles (north-east Gaul), 691/c.700.
E07673Greek inscription on a floor-mosaic commemorating the paving of an aisle in a church under a servant of *Konon (one of the several homonymous Anatolian martyrs). Exact provenance unknown, probably the environs of Tyre, Lebanon. Dated probably 25 March 560 (if so, on the feast of the Annunciation, not mentioned explicitly in the text).
E07748List of relics and diptych from the monastery of the Holy *Apostles (S02422) and *Martyrs (S02818) at Arles (southern Gaul), giving the names of saints whose relics were deposited in the monastery and the people for whom prayers were to be offered in the liturgy. The list contains the names of all the Apostles, as well as *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), *John the Baptist (S00020), and *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), together with four Gallic martyrs, *Genesius (martyr of Arles, S00263), *Symphorianus (martyr of Autun, S00322), *Baudilius (martyr of Nîmes, S00383), and *Victor (martyr of Marseille, S00382), and three Gallic bishops, *Hilary (bishop of Poitiers, ob. 367, S00183), *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), and *Caesarius (bishop of Arles, ob. 542, S00491). Written in Latin at Arles, in 600/650.
E07793Will of Burgundofara, disciple of Columbanus and monastic founder, including donations to her monastic community, dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), at Faremoutiers, northern Gaul. Written in Latin at Faremoutiers, 633/4.
E07795'Testament' of Leodebodus, abbot of the monastery of St Anianus at Orléans (north-west Gaul), granting property to the church of *Anianus (bishop of Orléans, S01206) at Orléans, the church of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) at Fleury (near Orléans), and establishing a monastery at Fleury dedicated to *Peter (the Apostle, S00036). Written in Latin at Orléans, 640/650.
E07796Will of Hadoind, bishop of Le Mans, of 643, leaving property to the cathedral at Le Mans, dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Gervasius and Protasius (brothers and martyrs of Milan, S00313), and to the churches at Le Mans of *Victorius (bishop of Le Mans, ob. c. 490), of the apostles *Peter and Paul (S00036 and S00008), and of *Vincent (deacon and martyr of Zaragoza, S00290); also to the church of Mary at Évron (in the territory of Le Mans) Written in Latin at Le Mans (north-west Gaul).
E07822The Miracles of *Artemios (39) recount how *Artemios (martyr of Antioch under Julian, S01128) healed a certain George (the same George as in Mir. 38 and 40), appearing to him on the island Plateia. Written in Greek in Constantinople, 582/668; assembled as a collection, 658/668.
E07844Venantius Fortunatus, in a poetic epitaph (4.26) for a young woman named Vilithuta (Poem 4.26), depicts patriarchs, apostles, and celebrated virginal saints taking part in the judgement of sinners after death, mentioning *Elijah (Old Testament prophet, S00217), *Enoch (Old Testament Patriarch, S00762), *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), *Mary (the Mother of Christ, S00033), *Agnes (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00097), *Thekla (follower of the Apostle Paul, S00092), and *Agatha (virgin and martyr of Catania, S00794). Written in Latin in Gaul, 565/576.
E07923Theodosius, in his On the Topography of the Holy Land, in his list of holy sites within Jerusalem, notes the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00030) in the valley of Josaphat. Written in Latin, perhaps in Africa, 518/540.
E07934Theodosius, in his On the Topography of the Holy Land, describes the failed attempt by Urbicius (imperial praepositus sacri cubiculi) to remove to Constantinople the rock of the Kathisma (near Jerusalem), where *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) had rested on the road to Bethlehem. Written in Latin, perhaps in Africa, 518/540.
E07942The Breviarius, a brief guide to the holy places of Jerusalem, which survives in two distinct versions, mentions a number of buildings and relics associated with saints and Old Testament figures. Written in Latin, presumably in Jerusalem, perhaps (in its two surviving states) around AD 500.
E07947The rule for nuns produced by Aurelianus, bishop of Arles (ob. 551), founds in Arles a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), with a basilica of the same saint. Written in Latin at Arles (southern Gaul), 546/551.
E07948John, bishop of Arles (ob. after 668), in a letter to nuns in Arles, mentions that their monastery was dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin at Arles (southern Gaul), c. 660/c. 668.
E07949Caesarius, bishop of Arles, in his Rule for Virgins, refers to the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Arles. Written in Latin at Arles (southern Gaul), 524/534.
E07972The Paschal Chronicle records that in 624 the emperor Heraclius left Constantinople on the day of the Annunciation of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07973The Paschal Chronicle records that the city of Constantinople was saved by the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) when it was besieged by the Avars and the Persians in 626. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07976The Paschal Chronicle, in its account of the siege of Constantinople in 626, states that an attack on the city in boats across the Golden Horn, by Slav troops in the Avar army, was defeated through the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07977The Paschal Chronicle, in its account of the siege of Constantinople in 626, states that the Chagan of the Avars saw *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) defending the walls of Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07978The Paschal Chronicle records that during the siege of Constantinople in 626 the Avars burnt down the churches of *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385) and *Nicholas (bishop of Myra, S00520) in the suburb of Blachernae, but were miraculously prevented from burning the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07979The Paschal Chronicle records that in 627 a wall was built around the church of Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) outside the walls of Constantinople [at Blachernae]. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07981The Paschal Chronicle, in its entry for 628, quotes the victory despatch from the emperor Heraclius attributing his victory over the Persians to the assistance of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630.
E07998A church council is held at Arles in 524 at the dedication of a basilica to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), built by Caesarius of Arles. Recorded in Latin at Arles (southern Gaul).
E07999A document, probably by Caesaria the Younger, abbess of the women's monastery in Arles, regulates burials in the triple church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *John (the Baptist, S00020), and *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) by Caesarius of Arles. Written in Latin at Arles (southern Gaul), 550/570.
E08003The Latin Life of *Rusticula (abbess of Arles, ob. 627/632, S02433) describes the funeral of Rusticula in either 627 or 632, during which a blind man was healed, and her burial in the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Arles. Written in southern Gaul, 627/640.
E08033The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6064) mentions under the year 571/572 that the emperor Justin II built churches in Constantinople dedicated to the Apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008), and expanded the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Blachernae. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08034The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6069) states that the emperor Justin II turned a confiscated synagogue into a church dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in 576/577. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08035The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6080) states the emperor Maurice established a new litany at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Blachernae. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08038The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6090) mentions two churches dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) which were built in Constantinople during the reign of Maurice. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08042The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6117) attributes a victory over the Persians in 624/625 to a miraculous hail storm, brought about by the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08043The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6117) attributes the failure of the siege of Constantinople in 626 to the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08044The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6118) attributes victories of the emperor Heraclius over the Persians in 627/8 to the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts
E08048The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6165), in its entry for 672/673, attributes the Byzantine victory in the first Arab siege of Constantinople to the intercession of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts
E08049The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6186) describes how in 693/694 a church in Constantinople near the palace, dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), was demolished and rebuilt elsewhere by the emperor Justinian II. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts
E08052The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6086) states that in 593/594 Philippikos, the brother-in-law of the emperor Maurice, founded a monastery at Chrysopolis near Constantinople dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts
E08053The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 5923) states that the future patriarch of Constantinople, Proklos/Proclus, denounced Nestorius in a homily delivered on the feast of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in 430. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts.
E08079Three relic labels, datable by their script to the 7th/8th c., for relics, at the monastery of Saint-Maurice d'Agaune (Agaunum, south-east Gaul), of various saints. Written in Latin, either where the relics originated, or at Saint-Maurice d'Agaune.
E08131The Greek Life of *Matrona (abbess in Constantinople, 5th c., S01829) recounts the story of an aristocratic woman who entered the ascetic way of life disguised as a eunuch at the male monastery of *Bassianos (5th c. abbot in Constantinople, S02890), and later founded her own nunnery in the same city. Written in Constantinople in the late 6th century.
E08220The Latin Life and Acts of *Desiderius (bishop of Cahors, ob. 655, S02958) is a composite text, combining documentary records concerning the bishop, with an account of his life, death and miracles. Written in Gaul, probably at Cahors (south-west Gaul), perhaps c. 670/700, with later amendments and miracle stories, 8th-9th c.
E08222The Gothic Missal compiles liturgical texts for the celebration of saints' feasts throughout the year. Written in Latin in Gaul, perhaps at Luxeuil for the Christian community of Autun, c. 680/710. Overview entry.
E08226The Gothic Missal includes prayers for the celebration of mass on the feast of the Assumption of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin in Gaul, perhaps at Luxeuil for the Christian community of Autun, c. 680/710.
E08227The Gothic Missal includes prayers for the celebration of mass on the feast day of *Agnes (virgin and martyr of Rome, S00097). Written in Latin in Gaul, perhaps at Luxeuil for the Christian community of Autun, c. 680/710.
E08232The Gothic Missal includes prayers for the celebration of mass on the feast day of *Eulalia (virgin and martyr of Mérida, S00407). Written in Latin in Gaul, perhaps at Luxeuil for the Christian community of Autun, c. 680/710.
E08289Avitus of Vienne delivers a homily (Homily 22/23) in a church of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), somewhere in the region of Vienne (south-east Gaul). Delivered in Latin in the region of Vienne, 494/518.
E0831535 relic labels at Sens (northern Gaul), datable by their script to the 7th or 8th c., for relics of a great diversity of saints. Written in Latin, perhaps at Sens, or at an earlier stage in their transmission.
E08330Haregarius, Truda and Tenestina establish and endow a monastery dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and to the apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008) at Le Mans (north-west Gaul); later the monastery is granted to Tenestina in precarial tenure; charters written in Latin in Le Mans, possibly in 513 and 524, or in 696/7 and 708.
E08335The Bobbio Missal compiles liturgical texts for the celebration of saints' feasts throughout the year. Written in Latin in south-east Gaul, perhaps at or near Vienne, c. 675/725.
E08336Bishop Aiglibert of Le Mans issues a privilege, in 683 and 700, for a monastery of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) outside the walls of Le Mans (north-west Gaul), and in 692 orders tithes to be paid to it; charters written in Latin in Le Mans.
E08343The coffin of *Cuthbert (bishop and anchorite of Lindisfarne, ob. 687, S01955) is constructed of oak and decorated with images of the archangels, apostles, evangelists and *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), whose names are inscribed in Latin (some with runic letters). Made for the saint's translation at Lindisfarne, 698.
E08349Venantius Fortunatus writes the Life of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050). It is an adaptation in epic verse of the Life of Martin and of books 2 and 3 of the Dialogues of Sulpicius Severus; in a final envoi, the book travels from Poitiers to Fortunatus' home city of Ravenna, stopping at the shrines of many saints along the way. Written in Latin, in Poitiers (western Gaul), between 573 and 576. Overview entry.
E08361Fourteen relic labels discovered within the Sancta Sanctorum of the Lateran church of San Lorenzo in Palatio (Rome), datable by their script to the 7th or 8th c., for relics of various saints. One label claims that its relics have come from the monastery of Lérins (southern Gaul). Written in Latin, perhaps at Rome, or at an earlier stage in their transmission.
E08389Silver denier of the church of Rouen (northern Gaul), bearing the name of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Late 7th c.
E08395A summary of two charters records grants of property to rural churches in the territory of Viviers (southern Gaul): one by a bishop of the early 6th c. to a church of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and to a church of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, S00050); another by a bishop of the 7th c. to a church of *Stephen (which he had built), and to one of *Laurence (deacon and martyr of Rome, S00037). Summaries written in Latin in Viviers, probably in the 8th c.
E08402A charter issued by Chlothild, an 'illustrious woman devoted to God,' records that she has installed her niece Mummola as the abbess of the monastery for women which she has founded at Bruyères-le-Châtel (northern Gaul) in honour of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and other saints, whose relics are deposited there, and that she has granted it a number of properties. Written in Latin, probably at Lamorlaye (northern Gaul), 10 March 673.
E08403A charter issued by Agerad, bishop of Chartres (northern Gaul), records his grant of privileges to a monastery on the Loire river, founded by Sadreberctana (the mother of Agerad's predecessor), dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and other saints. Written in Latin in Gaul, 6 March 696.
E08405A substantially authentic Merovingian royal diploma in the name of Childeric II, king of the Franks, records a grant of immunities to the cathedral of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030) at Speyer (eastern Gaul). Written in Latin in Gaul, 662/75.
E08408The will of Ermentrude/Erminethrudis outlines the arrangements for numerous bequests of possessions, properties and slaves; among the beneficiaries are churches dedicated to various saints in or near Paris (northern Gaul). Written in Latin at Paris, 6th or 7th c, perhaps c. 630, or after c. 650.
E08409A charter issued in the name of Abbess Irmina records her grant of the villa of Echternach (north-east Gaul) to Bishop Willibrord, together with the monastery she has founded there, with basilicas dedicated to the Trinity, *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), the Apostles *Peter (S00036) and *Paul (S00008), and other unnamed saints; two later charters of Irmina record further donations to these churches. Written in Latin at Trier (north-east Gaul), 697/8-99.
E08411A charter issued by Ansbert, bishop of Autun, grants properties to the cathedral church of Autun dedicated to *Nazarius (martyr of Milan, S00281), to the church of *Symphorianus (martyr of Autun, S00322), and to the oratory dedicated to *Leudegar (bishop and martyr of Autun, ob. 677/9, S02098) at this latter church, where Ansbert hopes to be buried. The charter further notes that Ansbert's sister Segolena has dedicated herself to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin in Gaul, 5 August 696.
E08421A fragmentary papyrus document from Ravenna (north-east Italy) records a grant to a church at Nepi (central Italy) dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), and refers to monastic dedications to *Elijah/Elias (probably the Old Testament prophet, S00217) and (at the same or a separate monastery?) *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030). Written in Latin, at Nepi or Rome, in or after June 557.
E08422Two small fragments of a papyrus inventory, perhaps of church textiles, appear to refer to an image of *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033). Written in Latin, perhaps in northern Italy, c. 700.
E08425A charter, possibly authentic in its essentials, issued in the name of Bishop Palladius of Auxerre (central Gaul) records the bishop's foundation of a female monastery in the city's suburbs, with basilicas dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), *Andrew (the Apostle, S00288), *Julian (martyr of Brioude, S00035), and oratories dedicated to *Ferreolus (martyr of Besançon, S00348) and *Martin (bishop and ascetic of Tours, ob. 397, S00050); it further outlines lighting provisions for this monastery and the episcopal church dedicated to *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030). Written in Latin in Gaul, possibly at Auxerre, 634 or 637.
E08426The will of Vigilius, bishop of Auxerre (central Gaul), records the bishop's foundation of a basilica dedicated to *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033) and attached to a male monastery in the city's suburbs, and appears to refer incidentally to a vineyard outside the city belonging to a foundation dedicated to *Germanus (bishop of Auxerre, ob. 448, S00455); as well as further churches dedicated to *Symeon (probably the elder of the temple of Jerusalem, S00285) and *Ferreolus (martyr of Besançon, S00348). Written in Latin in Gaul, possibly at Auxerre, shortly before 680/86.
E08458The Miracles of Kosmas and Damianos (Deubner 30; Rupprecht 37) recount how *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385) in their church in Constantinople healed a man from an abscess in his hips by conducting surgery on his wound, after the man had prayed before an image at the entrance to the shrine, representing Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, 00033) and Kosmas and Damianos. Written in Greek in Constantinople; assembled as a collection between the 6th and 10th centuries.
E08473A homily, 'On the Robe', probably by Theodore Syncellus, celebrates the recent return of the robe of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) to her church at Blachernae. The homily tells how the robe was acquired in the region of Nazareth and brought to Constantinople, where the emperor Leo I [r. 457-474] housed it appropriately at Blachernae; how, faced by an Avar threat [in 623], it was taken to safety inside the walls, to the church of Hagia Sophia, and then solemnly returned when the threat was lifted; and how, during this process, the reliquary was opened and the woollen robe found to be intact. Written in Greek in Constantinople, 623/624.
E08474Greek fragmentary inscription with an invocation to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and reference to a church, presumably dedicated to her. Said to be from Cyrene (Cyrenaica, eastern North Africa). Probably 6th c.
E08475Greek fragmentary inscription with invocation to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), probably from a church dedicated to her. Probably found at Barka (Cyrenaica, eastern North Africa). Probably 6th c.
E08479Latin inscribed terracotta plaques with an invocation to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033). Found at Cillium (Byzacena, central North Africa), probably later-5th/6th c.
E08518Eustratius, in his Life of *Eutychios (patriarch of Constantinople, ob. 582,S01383), tells how a mosaic-worker of Amaseia (northern Asia Minor), while removing a mosaic of Aphrodite, in order to turn a room of a private house into a chapel of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) - with a chapel of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) above it - was afflicted in his hand by a demon residing within the mosaic; going to Eutychios, the mosaicist is cured, and then sets up an image (εἰκόνα) of his deliverer in the house where the incident occurred. Written in Greek in 583, or soon after.
E08532The Miracles of Kosmas and Damianos (Rupprecht 15) recount how *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385) in their church in Constantinople cured a woman suffering with dropsy, after one of the saints was seen to descend from an image of the two set up at the entrance to their church. Written in Greek, probably in Constantinople, between the 6th c. and the 11th c.; preserved in an Egyptian manuscript of the 11th c.
E08563The mosaics of the main apse of the basilica of Eufrasius at Poreč (ancient Parentium, Istria) show four saints approaching *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), seated on a throne with the Christ Child on her lap and flanked by angels: from the left, *Maurus (bishop and confessor/martyr of Poreč, S03091), identified by name and bearing a crown; from the right, *Three unidentified martyrs (S03092), two bearing crowns and one, in a gold cloak, bearing a book. Datable to the mid-6th c.