Name
Michael, the Archangel
Saint ID
S00181
Number in BHBHG 1282-1290
BHG 1282-1290
BHL 5947-5956
Gender
Male
Type of Saint
Angels and archangels
| ID | Title | E00136 | Coptic (Bohairic) Martyrdom of Apa *Lakaron (child-soldier and martyr, S00798), recounts his trial at Lykopolis (Upper Egypt), numerous miracles performed by and on the saint, the conversion of bystanders, visions and help from *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) and Christ himself, a short excursion to heaven prior to death, as well as a final prayer laying out his future cult; written sometime between the 5th and 8th c. | E00164 | Greek Calendar of Church Services to be performed at different churches in Oxyrhynchus (Middle Egypt) from the end of October to the end of March of the years 535–536, providing information on the names of many churches, and on the saints’ days celebrated in the city. | E00367 | Gregory of Tours writes the Glory of the Martyrs (Liber in Gloria Martyrum), in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594. Overview entry. | E00369 | Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (4), writes of the departure of the soul of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) with the assistance of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and of her subsequent bodily Assumption. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594. | E00373 | Gregory of Tours, in his Glory of the Martyrs (7), discusses a relic of Christ in a church of the *Archangels (S00191) in 'the city of Galatea', certainly the shrine of the Archangel *Michael (S00181) in Germia (central Asia Minor). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 580/594. | E00552 | Greek epigram, probably from a dedicatory inscription in the church, commemorating the refurbishment of a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in 'Bothrepton', Constantinople, by a certain Terradios, probably in the 5th/6th c. Recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00557 | A set of five Greek epigrams, referring to Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), probably from inscriptions describing a pictorial ensemble, and possibly from a church dedicated to Michael in Constantinople. Of uncertain date, possibly Middle Byzantine; recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00558 | Greek epigram, ascribed to Neilos Scholastikos, an otherwise unattested author, from an image of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), describing the depiction of an angel as an act of daring, which, however, can induce spiritual gain. Of uncertain date; recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00559 | Greek epigram by Agathias Scholastikos, probably originally an inscription, referring to a wax-painted image of *Michael the Archangel (S00181) in Constantinople, and describing the depiction of an angel as an act of daring, which can induce spiritual gain. Written in the late 6th c., and recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00560 | Greek epigram by Agathias Scholastikos, probably originally an inscription, commemorating the dedication by four law students of an image at the shrine of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in the Constantinopolitan suburb of the Sōsthenion. Written in the late 6th c. and recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00561 | Greek epigram by Agathias Scholastikos, originally inscribed on the image, commemorating the dedication of an image to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) by the high-ranking official Theodoros, thanking the saint for his promotions to magister and proconsul of Asia; set up in the narthex of the basilica of *John (the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042) at Ephesos (western Asia Minor). Written in the late 6th c. and recorded in the 10th c. Greek Anthology. | E00663 | Coptic fragmentary parchment sheet of the 9th/10th c., of unknown provenance, preserving parts of the ninth and tenth miracles of *George (soldier and martyr, S00259) in the dialect of the Hermopolite nome (Middle Egypt); written most likely not before the 7th c. | E00690 | The Notitia ecclesiarum urbis Romae, a guide to saints' graves around Rome, closes with the church and grave of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on the 'via Vaticana', north-west of the city. Written in Latin in Rome, 625/649. A description of the basilica, added in the later 8th c., lists many of the altars of saints within the church. | E00739 | Cave (so-called 'Grotto of Paul') at Ephesos (on the slope of Bülbüldağ, western Asia Minor), with painting, perhaps of the 5th c., showing *Paul (the Apostle, S00008) and *Thekla (the follower of Paul, S00092), and with undated graffiti invoking Paul (and other saints). Shrine continually in use, probably from the 5th c. | E00744 | Greek inscription on a marble slab, apparently a gaming table, with a request for help for an association (συνοδία) and for a prison guard, addressed to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found in Ephesos (western Asia Minor). Probably late antique (5th-8th c.). | E00785 | Greek invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) scratched in plaster in the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Ephesos (western Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. or later. | E00808 | Fragment of an architrave with remnants of a Greek inscription probably referring to an unnamed *Archangel. Found in Miletos (Caria, western Asia Minor), in the church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), possibly late antique (4th-8th c.). | E00811 | Greek inscription commemorating embellishment of an oratory of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Miletos, by the care of Kyriakos, patriarch of Constantinople (595-606), Romanos, presbyter, procurator and defensor of the Great Church of Constantinople, and Georgios, man of illustris rank and member of the scrinium. Found in Miletos (Caria, western Asia Minor), 595-606. | E00830 | Two Greek inscriptions: one on a reused architrave block, the other on a cornice found in situ, with invocations of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found in the environs of the site of ancient Plarasa near Aphrodisias (Caria, western Asia Minor). Probably 5th/6th c. | E00837 | Greek graffiti on a marble balustrade, with invocations of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and probably *John (presumably either the Baptist, S00020, or the Apostle and Evangelist, S00042), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and *George (soldier and martyr, S00259). Found in Aphrodisias (Caria, western Asia Minor), at the Temple/Church site. Probably 5th/6th c. or later. | E00872 | Eight fragments of a frieze from the interior of a church, with a Greek dedicatory poem mentioning *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), other commanders of the Heavenly Host and founders of the sanctuary. Found near Aizanoi (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E00876 | Coptic prophetic passage, addressing Egypt and relating its creation, involving the assistance of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), as the most important among the seventy-two countries of the world and as destined to rejoice in the establishment of thrones for its 83,721 martyrs. Datable to the 4th/5th c. | E00879 | A Greek Christian curse, inscribed on a tombstone, probably invoking *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) to punish potential desecrators of the grave. Found near Pepouza (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Late antique. | E00880 | Greek invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), written on a fragmentary slab with a carved Latin cross. Found near Amorion (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E00891 | Greek inscription with an invocation of God followed by the names of four Archangels: *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Istrael (S00690), and *Raphael (S00481). Found in the territory of Hierapolis (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E00915 | Greek invocation on behalf of labourers or clergy at a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found near Dionysopolis (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E00917 | Fragments of a ceramic plate inscribed with a Greek acclamation for good fortune for a body named 'the Michaelitai', probably an association venerating *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Sagalassos (Pisidia, west central Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. | E00918 | Greek inscription with an invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) as the commander-in-chief of the Heavenly Host, asked to help his servant, Nikolaos. Found at Philomelion (Pisidia, west central Asia Minor). Probably 6th/8th c. or later | E00936 | Wall painting, almost certainly of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) with a painted Greek label. Found in a church near Barata (Lycaonia, central Asia Minor). Probably 5th-6th or 8th-10th c. | E00950 | Greek epitaph for the family of Strategis, lector of a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found near Strobilos (Bithynia, north-west Asia Minor). After 379 and perhaps before 462. | E00963 | Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found near Klaudiopolis (Honoriad, northern Asia Minor). Probably late 5th or 6th c. | E00996 | Two Greek inscriptions on boundary stones, with references to a sanctuary of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found near Ankyra (Galatia, central Asia Minor). 527-565. | E01005 | Greek epitaph for an imperial official who 'had given himself' to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Germia (Galatia, central Asia Minor), at the sanctuary of Michael. Probably 5th-6th c. | E01055 | Greek inscription, engraved over the entrance to a rock-cut tomb, with an invocation of Christ and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), asked to help his servants. Found at Germanikopolis (Isauria, southern Asia Minor). Probably 6th c. or later. | E01115 | Carving of an inscribed cross, with an invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found in Ephesos (western Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E01155 | Bronze leaf with a charm invoking God, the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Raphael (S00481), and other figures, as protectors from injuries. Probably Christian, Jewish or syncretistic. Found at Hierapolis (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). Probably late antique. | E01181 | Fragmentary Greek inscription, arguably referring to the 'magnanimity' of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192); or, more probably, marking the boundaries of a property owned by a church of the Archangels. Found at Thermi (Lesbos). Probably late antique. | E01186 | Greek inscription on a marble slab, probably an altar, dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Pythagorio (Samos, the Aegean Islands). Probably late antique or middle Byzantine. | E01187 | Fragmentary Greek inscription with an invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Mytilini (Samos, the Aegean Islands). Probably late antique or middle Byzantine. | E01213 | Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found on Lesbos (the Aegean Islands), probably close to Mytilene. Probably late antique. | E01222 | Coptic Miracles of Apa *Mena/Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), originally describing 17 miracles (of which 6 survive in full, and 2 in part), attributed to Apa Theophilos, archbishop of Alexandria (385–412). | E01247 | Coptic funerary inscription on marble from the necropolis of the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Adam (the first man, S00772), Apa *Ieremias, Apa Enoch, and Ama Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773); datable to the 8th/9th c. | E01248 | Coptic joint funerary inscription on marble probably from the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: Apa *Ieremias, Apa Enoch, and Ama Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); possibly of the 8th/9th century. | E01249 | Coptic joint funerary inscription on marble most likely from the necropolis of the monastery of Apa Ieremias at Saqqara (Lower Egypt) with an invocation to the typical group of saints celebrated at Saqqara: *Ieremias, Enoch and Sibylla (saints of Saqqara, S00773), the Archangels *Michael and *Gabriel (S00181 and S00192),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), *Apollo, Phib and Anoup (monks and monastic founders, S00774), and other holy men; possibly of the 8th/9th century. | E01251 | Coptic funerary inscription with a long invocation to a large number of saints including *Michael (the Archangel, S00181),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the Prophets, the Apostles, the Martyrs and Confessors, and *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), as well as a long list of other holy monastic figures. The inscription on a limestone stele presumably dates to the 6th/9th century, and most likely comes from Bawit (Middle Egypt). | E01252 | Coptic funerary inscription, probably from Bawit, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including the Archangels *Michael and *Gabriel (S00181 and S00192),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and *Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), and *Pamoun (possibly the monk and martyr of Alexandria, S00775), as well as a long list of monastic figures that includes *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774); of unknown date, presumably 6th/9th century and most likely from Bawit (Middle Egypt). | E01254 | Greek inscription on a boundary stone marking estates owned by a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) and of an otherwise unknown saint, probably *Apikrantios (local martyr of the Aegean Islands, S00760). Found in the city of Naxos on the island of Naxos (Aegean Islands). Probably late 5th or 6th c. | E01262 | Coptic inscription on a wooden lintel with an invocation to the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192), and to *Apollo and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), from the monastery of Apa Apollo at Bawit (Middle Egypt); datable to the 6th/7th century. | E01268 | Greek inscription from a chancel screen with an invocation of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), probably commemorating the offering of the screen or the construction of a church dedicated to the saint. Found near Oia, island of Thera/modern Santorini (Aegean Islands). Probably 5th c. Once implausibly dated it to the 2nd or 3rd c. | E01269 | Two Greek dedicatory inscriptions, commemorating an ex-voto offering to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) and *Andrew (either Andreas 'Stratelates', soldier and martyr of Cilicia, S00763, or Andrew the Apostle, S00288), by a military man. Found in Aigiale on the island of Amorgos (Aegean Islands). Probably 5th-6th c. | E01296 | Greek charm on a lead leaf, exorcising a malicious tumour, by the names of the Archangels: *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Ouriel (S00770), and *Raphael (S00481). Probably Christian. Found near Arkesini (island of Amorgos; Aegean Islands). Probably 5th-8th c. | E01302 | Coptic funerary inscription from Bawit (Middle Egypt) with a long invocation to a large number of saints including the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Adam and Zoe/Eve (the first man and woman, S00772), the *Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (son of Romanos, Egyptian martyr, S00749), *Phoibamon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), *Menas (soldier and martyr buried at Abu Mena, S00073), the *Martyrs of Thone (S00771), and a long list of monastic figures including *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774); presumably 6th/8th century. | E01308 | Fragment of a Coptic Martyrdom of *Thekla (martyr from Assiut, S00777), presenting a hymn sung by *Pamoun and Klaudios (possible fellow martyrs with Thekla from Assiut, S02926), invoking the help of all the saints and the Archangels *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), and *Raphael (S00481), sung by *Pamoun and Klaudios (possible companion martyrs of Thekla of Assiut, S02926) in the midst of the crowd gathered to witness the trial of Thekla; 5th-9th century, of unknown Egyptian provenance. | E01316 | The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Gelasius (bishop of Rome, ob. 496, S00789), recounts his burning of heretical books before the doors of the basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) in Rome; his dedication of a basilica of *Euphemia (martyr of Chalcedon, S00017) in Tibur/Tivoli, and basilicas of *Eleutherius (martyr of Rome, S01661), *Nicander (saint of Rome, S00788), and *Andreas (probably Andrew the Apostle, S00288) on the via Labicana, outside Rome; his building of a basilica of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) on the via Laurentina; and his burial in the basilica of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on 21 November [AD 496]. A later interpolation records the discovery of the sanctuary of the Archangel *Michael (S00181) on Monte Gargano (southern Italy). | E01318 | A lead leaf and a lead tablet with similar Greek popular exorcisms, invoking *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Ouriel (the Archangel, S00770), *Raphael (the Archangel, S00481), *Enoch (Old Testament patriarch, S00762), *Elijah (Old Testament prophet, S00217), and *Isaiah (Old Testament prophet, S00282). Said to have been found near Trikomo (Cyprus). Probably 7th-8th c. | E01322 | Inscribed gem and glass amulet with the names of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Raphael (S00481). Possibly Christian. Found in Salamis/Constantia (Cyprus). Probably Roman imperial or late antique periods. | E01338 | The church of Panagia Kanakaria at Lythrankomi (north-eastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), unnamed *Archangels (almost certainly *Michael, S00181, and *Gabriel, S00192), and with labelled depictions of *Apostles and *Evangelists. Probably 525-550. | E01339 | The church of Panagia Angeloktistos at Kiti (southeastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and unnamed *Archangels (almost certainly *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192)). Probably 6th c. | E01340 | The church of Panagia tes Kyras near Livadia (eastern Cyprus) houses a mosaic with depictions of Christ, *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and an unnamed *Archangel. Probably 6th c. | E01350 | The second edition of the Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome between the 530s and 546, in its account of *Symmachus (bishop and confessor of Rome, ob. 514, S00793), lists his building works at, and donations to, the churches of various saints in Rome and its region during his episcopate (498-514). | E01390 | Floor-mosaic with a Greek building inscription for a basilica (termed temenos) dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Prines Mylopotamou (near Eleutherna, central-west Crete). Probably mid-5th or 6th c. | E01624 | Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions from the sanctuary (Michaelion) of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Ḥūarte/Hawarte near ancient Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Dated probably 487. | E01630 | Greek inscription on a lintel, referring to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Androna (modern al-Andarin), to the east of Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 6th c. | E01631 | Greek inscription on a boundary stone of a church dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Androna (modern al-Andarin), to the east of Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Probably 6th c. | E01633 | Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription, commemorating the paving of a church dedicated to the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found at Ras ad-Dayr, near ancient Pella/Berenike and Gerasa/Jerash (Roman province of Palaestina II). Dated 600 or 601. | E01636 | Greek dedicatory inscriptions from the so-called double church in Androna (modern al-Andarin), to the east of Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria), dedicated to one or more unnamed Archangels, also mentioning a refuge/asylum zone. Probably 5th-7th c. | E01648 | Pilgrim tokens (eulogiae) produced at the Monastery of *Symeon the Younger (stylite near Antioch, ob. 592, S00860), with inscriptions and depictions, all referring to Symeon, some also to *Martha (his mother, S00864), *Konon (his disciple, S00865), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). From Bobbio (northern Italy), and other locations (generally near-eastern). 6th-13th c. | E01695 | Greek inscription on a possibly Christian fragmentary amulet, invoking the help of the Archangels: *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), and *Ouriel (S00770) for a horse, and possibly the help of *Sisinnios, a holy rider (S00608), against a demon. Provenance unknown, possibly Syria. Probably late antique. | E01758 | Amulets from the collection of S. Ayvaz with Greek inscriptions invoking the Archangels: *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Ouriel (S00770), and depictions showing *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and a holy rider. Found in Syria, various locations. Probably Roman impeiral, late antique, and/or middle Byzantine. Pagan and/or Christian. | E01814 | Greek inscription, labelling busts of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found in the basilica at Qalb Lozeh between Antioch on the Orontes and Beroia/Aleppo (north Syria). Probably later 5th c. | E01834 | Four Greek building inscriptions for metata (transit camps) named after military saints: *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023), *Theodore (soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, 00480), *Longinos (centurion at the Crucifixion, S00926), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found in various locations in north and central Syria. One undated; three dated: 468/477, 524/525, and 526. | E01838 | Greek building inscription for an oratory (eukterion) of unnamed *Archangels. Found at Fa'loūl , near Androna, to the east of Apamea on the Orontes and Ḥamāh/Amathe (central Syria). Dated 526/527. | E01874 | Greek inscription on a lintel, invoking the God of an unnamed Archangel. Found at Androna (modern al-Andarin), to the east of Apamea on the Orontes (central Syria). Dated probably 533/534. | E01901 | Coptic Encomion on *Theodore 'Stratelates' (general and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00136), attributed to Anastasios of Euchaita and presented on the saint's feast day, relating how his father was a Christian Egyptian, how he slew a dragon and was martyred, and how his mother took his body to be buried 'at the mountain of Shotep' in Upper Egypt. Written sometime in the 6th/8th c., preserved in a manuscript dated to 861. | E02091 | The Latin Martyrdom of *Felix and Fortunatus (brothers, martyrs of Aquileia and Vicenza, S01164) narrates the trial and death of Felix and Fortunatus under Diocletian and Maximian, and how their bodies were disputed between the cities of Vicenza and Aquileia, each taking one of the martyrs. Written presumably in Aquileia, probably between the 5th and the 7th c. | E02155 | Coptic lease from Hermopolis (Middle Egypt), mentioning a place/monastery of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 7th century. | E02160 | Coptic document of unknown Egyptian provenance mentioning a charitable institution dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 7th/8th century. | E02243 | Greek building inscription for a church of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found at al-Ghāriyyeh al-Gharbiyyeh, to the northwest of Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Dated 598/599. | E02286 | Greek amulet from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), invoking, among others, the power of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 5th/6th century. | E02304 | Greek account from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), listing income and expenditure, mentioning a payment to an institution dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 6th c., before the year 566. | E02310 | Greek order to a wine-merchant, from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), to deliver wine to the 'widows of *Michael' (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 6th century. | E02314 | Greek account, from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), listing among payments for various churches also one dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); datable to the 6th century, very likely to the year 576/577. | E02315 | Greek account, from Oxyrhynchos (Middle Egypt), listing, among payments for various churches, one to a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181); dated to the year 590. | E02341 | A niche at the entrance to the 'episcopal complex' of Gerasa/Jerash (Roman province of Arabia) has painted inscriptions, with the names of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Probably 5th c. or later. | E02602 | Greek graffiti invoking the help of an unnamed Archangel. Found in the 'hermitage of John the Abbot' at Hammam 'Afra in the Wadi al-Hasa, on the south-east coast of the Dead Sea (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 5th-6th c. | E02614 | Four balconies with T-shaped stone blocks inscribed with crosses and the names of the Archangels *Gabriel (S00192), *Raphael (S00481), *Michael (S00181), and *Ouriel (S00770). On a tower at Umm al-Jimāl, to the southwest of Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 5th-7th c. | E02682 | Fragmentary Greek inscription invoking *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and the *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found at Sala/Saleh, near Bostra (Roman province of Arabia). Probably 6th-7th c. | E02772 | Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 1.23) of February 591, to Anthemius, rector of the papal patrimony in Campania, mentions a monastery of Saint *Erasmus (martyr of Formia, S00867) on the side of 'mount Repperus', and an oratory of an unspecified archangel (probably *Michael, S00181) next to a basilica of *Peter (the Apostle, 00036) in the Castrum Lucullanum (near Naples); all in Campania (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome. | E02804 | Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (1.5), tells how *Ambrose (bishop of Milan, ob. 397, S00490) attended in a dream the funeral of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in 397. Gregory also mentions how Martin was welcomed into heaven by *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 573/576. | E02828 | Latin hymn in honour of *Adrianos and Natalia, (martyr of Nicomedia and his pious wife, S01342), recounting the story of Adrianos' martyrdom, and the encouragement given him by Natalia. Composed in Hispania, probably in the 7th c. | E02872 | Burial chamber under a triconch chapel, by the monastery of Apa *Shenoute (abbot of the White Monastery near Sohag in Upper Egypt, ob. 465), with an image of Shenoute standing next to an angel and other figures; later 5th to 7th c. Perhaps, but probably not, the burial chamber of Shenoute. | E03081 | Clay stamp for making eulogiae with a Greek inscription referring to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), and probably the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found at Tel Mefalsim/Khirbet Deir Dusawi near Gaza (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably 6th c. | E03093 | Eustratius, presbyter of Constantinople, composes a Life of *Eutychios (patriarch of Constantinople, ob. 582,S01383), probably to be read out at the first anniversary of his death; it presents Eutychios as an exemplary and unswervingly orthodox patriarch of Constantinople, describing his patriarchate, his persecution, and the miracles effected through him. Written in Greek in 583, or soon after. Overview entry | E03203 | The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 22 June, at the church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Elijah/Elias (Old Testament prophet, S00217) and the deposition of the relics of *Elishah (Old Testament prophet, S00239) and *Obadiah (Old Testament prophet, S01420). | E03238 | The Latin Apparition on Monte Gargano of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) narrates the miraculous origins of the cave-church of the Archangel on Monte Gargano and details of the cult practices that occur there. Also mentioned are the adjacent church dedicated to *Peter (the Apostle, S00036), with altars for *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) and *John (the Baptist, S00020). Written presumably on the Gargano peninsula (southern Italy), perhaps in the later 7th c., and by the 9th at the latest. | E03243 | The Latin Martyrdom of *Alexander (bishop and martyr of Baccano, S01533) narrates the miracles and conversions effected by Alexander, his trial, death and burial in a furnace where he had been tortured. An inscription is put on the tomb, miracles happen, and later a church is built over it. The text also narrates the trial, death and burial of a convert named Herculanus. Written presumably in Baccano (north-west Italy), at an uncertain date, by the 8th c. at the latest. | E03429 | The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 14 November *Leontios (probably the martyr of Tripolis, Phoenicia, S00216), the deposition of the relics of *John the Baptist (S00020), *Elisha (Old Testament prophet, S00239), and the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). | E03444 | The early seventh-century Georgian version of the Lectionary of Jerusalem commemorates on 29 November *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). | E03514 | Coptic Life and Martyrdom of Panine (Symphronios) from Terot in the area of Hermopolis (Middle Egypt) and Paneu from Antinoopolis (Middle Egypt) (martyrs and monks at Antinoopolis, S01593), tracing their friendship from boyhood to monasticism and martyrdom in Achmim/Panopolis (Upper Egypt), mentioning miraculous healing, visions of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and the building of a small monastic church; written probably in the 6th/7th c. | E03516 | Greek inscription commemorating the construction or restoration of an oratory (eukterion) of an unnamed *Archangel. Found at Miliopo (the Island of Ikaria, the Aegean Islands). Probably 5th-6th c. | E03535 | Coptic Martyrdom of Apa *Timotheos and his daughter Martyria (S01462), most likely taking place at Hermopolis/Antinoopolis (Middle Egypt), relating the horrific tortures they endured under the hegemon Arianos and the miraculous appearances of the archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192) to rescue them repeatedly. Their martyrdom begins as Paulos, Pausire, and Maria (monastic martyrs under Arianos at Antinoopolis/Hermopolis, S01847) are sentenced to death; presumably written in the 6th/7th c. | E03561 | Coptic Martyrdom of *Nile (martyr probably of Alexandria, S00405) and his brothers, one of them named as *Sakine (S01465), produced for the Monastery of Apa Shenoute (Upper Egypt), relating various miraculous events occurring during their trial, presumably taking place at Alexandria, when the archangel *Michael (S00181) repeatedly saves the saints from tortures, thereby exposing the power of God; written most likely in the 6th/7th century. | E03570 | Floor-mosaics with Greek inscriptions invoking the help of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Found in the northern church at Lower Herodion to the south of Jerusalem and Bethlehem (Roman province of Palaestina I). Probably 6th c. | E03662 | Fragmentary tax receipt written in Greek on papyrus, mentioning tax due to shrines of *Theodore (probably the soldier and martyr of Euchaita, S00480), and perhaps an *Archangel. Found in Petra, drafted in Petra or Kastron Zadakathon/Sadaqa (Roman province of Palaestina III). P.Petra IV 37, dated 565/575. | E03778 | The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 22 June the church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Elijah/Elias (Old Testament prophet, S00217) and the deposition of the relics of *Elishah (Old Testament prophet, S00239) and *Obadiah (Old Testament prophet, S01420), and *Eusebios (bishop of Samosata and confessor under Valens, S01663). | E03886 | The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 5 October, at the church of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Cyprian (bishop and martyr of Carthage, S,00411), *Thomas (the Apostle, S00199), and *Aaron (first High Priest, brother of Moses, S01427) | E03926 | The Church Calendar of Ioane Zosime, compiled in Georgian in the 10th c., based however on 5th-7th c. prototypes from Palestine, commemorates on 14 November *Leontios (probably the martyr of Tripolis, Phoenicia, S00216), *Agapios (martyr of Caesarea of Palestine, S00188), the deposition of the relics of *John the Baptist (S00020), *Elisha (Old Testament prophet, S00239), *Philip (the Apostle, S00109), and the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). | E03993 | Sozomen, in his Ecclesiastical History (2.3), recounts healing miracles and visions taking place at the shrine of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), built by the emperor Constantine on the European side of the Bosphorus, near Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople, 439/450. | E04040 | Coptic inscription on nummulitic limestone, presumably from Middle Egypt, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Adam (the first man, S00772), the *Patriarchs (S00138) and *Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *Paul (the first anchorite, S00089) and his brothers, as well as list of holy monastic figures, such as *Apollo, Anoup and Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), *Patermoute (perhaps the saint with cult at Jeme,S01222), *Proou, and all the saints; datable to the 6th/9th century. | E04261 | Coptic land lease document from Hermopolis (Middle Egpyt), mentioning a church dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) as part of the property; datable to the 7th century. | E04282 | Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) demolished a small old church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in Constantinople, originally constructed by a patrician senator, and rebuilt it in splendid style. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s. | E04385 | Fragmentary papyrus sheets from a codex with an account in Greek of the miracles and martyrdom of *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), one of the earliest extant Greek manuscript of the so-called 'legend of Saint George'. The preserved fragments describe his resurrection of the dead, his healing of a widow's son, the third resurrection of George by Christ, and the tempting of George by king Dadianos (= the initial passages of the conversion of Queen Alexandra). A miracle by *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) is also mentioned. Found at Nessana/Auja Hafir in the Negev desert (Roman province of Palaestina III). Probably 7th c. | E04398 | Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt the shrines of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Anaplous and Brochoi, on the Bosphorus, and a nearby church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033). Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s. | E04413 | Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) rebuilt a martyr shrine dedicated to *Panteleemon (martyr of Nicomedia, S00596) and a church dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) on the shores of the Bosphorus near Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s. | E04425 | Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) built a splendid church of *Mary Theotokos, Mother of God (S00033) and a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in the city of Antioch on the Orontes in Syria. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s. | E04560 | The Greek Life of *Daniel the Stylite (ob. 493, S00342) recounts the life and manifold miracles of an ascetic who, imitating *Symeon the Stylite (the Elder, ob. 459, S00343), lived on a pillar and founded a monastic community at Anaplous on the Bosphorus. The text mentions shrines of martyrs and prophets in Constantinople, the use of holy oil and images, and the transfer of relics of Symeon the Stylite and the *Three Hebrew Youths (of the Old Testament Book of Daniel, S01198) to Constantinople. Written in Constantinople, 493/518. | E04640 | Coptic Homily on the Archangel *Michael (S00181), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Basil of Caesarea and said to have been delivered at Michael’s shrine in Lasike (Lasika/Lakiza), laying out the proper conduct for and understanding of the cult of Michael and how to proceed when asking for his intercession; allegedly originally written in the later 4th century, translated presumably sometime between the 5th and 9th century. | E04641 | Coptic Homily on the Archangel *Michael (S00181), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Basil of Caesarea and said to have been delivered at the newly built shrine of Michael in Lasike (Lasika/Lakiza), describing the status of the archangel and how to approach him at his shrine, stating that his power for intercession is greater than that of all the saints; allegedly originally written in the later 4th century, translated presumably sometime between the 5th and 9th century. | E04642 | Coptic Homily on the Archangel *Michael (S00181), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to John Chrysostom, discussing Michael’s high status as an intercessor and mentioning *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) as another powerful intercessor; allegedly originally written in the early 5th century and translated presumably sometime between the 5th and 9th century. | E04679 | The presbyter Chrysippus of Jerusalem composes an Encomium on *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), which he delivers during a festival in his honour. Written in Greek, probably in Jerusalem, 455/479. Skeleton entry | E04835 | Coptic Homily on *Michael the Archangel (S00181), from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Gregory of Nazianzus (the Theologian), asked to discuss status and function of the archangel and his contrast to the devil; allegedly written in 4th century and translated presumably sometime between the 5th and the 9th century. | E04836 | Coptic Homily on *Michael the Archangel (S00181), from the Monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Makarios, bishop of Tkow/Antaiopolis (Upper Egypt, ob. 451/2), delivered at the shrine of Michael on his feast day (8 November); supposedly written in the 5th century. | E04837 | Coptic Homily on God’s acts of mercy and the public appearance of *Michael the Archangel (S00181), from the Monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Severus of Antioch (459/465-538), narrating the saint’s miraculously interventions in court to settle disputes and avoid injustice, delivered on the saint’s feast day (8 November) during a festive gathering at his shrine; allegedly written in the late 5th/early 6th century and translated presumably sometime between the 6th and the 9th century. | E04838 | Coptic Homily by an author whose name and identification are lost, from the Monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), discussing female defilement during menstruation, and praising *Michael the Archangel (S00181); written sometime between the 5th and the 9th century. | E04839 | Coptic Encomion on *Michael the Archangel (S00181), from the Monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum (Lower Egypt), attributed to Eustathius of Thrace, mentioning the feast celebrated at Michael’s oratory built by Eustathius in Thrace, claiming that this foundation was an idea by the late John Chrysostom, and relating the life of a pious woman named Euphemia, a local woman of Thrace, whom Michael protects, after she swore an oath in his name not to remarry upon her husband's death; written supposedly sometime between the 6th and 9th century. | E04953 | The Greek Life of *Nikolaos of Sion (abbot and bishop in Lycia, ob. 564, S00559) recounts the foundation of the monastery of Holy Sion in the village of Pharroa in Lycia (south-west Asia Minor) and the miracles of Nikolaos, its first abbot. A number of shrines of different saints are mentioned in the narrative. Written in the late 6th c., probably at the monastery of Holy Sion. Overview entry | E04957 | The Greek Life of *Nikolaos of Sion (abbot and bishop in Lycia, ob. 564, S00559) mentions fifteen shrines of various saints at villages in the territory of Myra in Lycia (south-west Asia Minor), and the celebration of public feasts with sacrifices of oxen at them, organised by Nikolaos, abbot of the monastery of Holy Sion. Written in the late 6th c., probably at the monastery of Holy Sion in Lycia. | E04970 | The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 28 September. | E04971 | The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 29 September. | E05037 | Greek inscription invoking the Archangel *Michael (S00181) to protect a city. Found at Afyonkarahisar near ancient Akroinos and Prymnessos (Phrygia, west central Asia Minor). No certain dating: possibly late antique or middle Byzantine. | E05043 | The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 6 December. | E05044 | The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 7 December. | E05045 | The 6th/7th c. recension of the Latin Martyrologium Hieronymianum, as transmitted in 8th c. manuscripts, records the feasts of a number of saints on 8 December. | E05099 | Procopius of Caesarea, in his On Buildings, reports that the emperor Justinian (r. 527-565) renovated a great number of monasteries in the region of Jerusalem (and elsewhere in the East), many of them dedicated to saints. Written in Greek at Constantinople, in the 550s. | E05112 | Coptic Martyrdom of *Viktor (martyr of Egypt, son of Romanos, S00749), the second Martyrdom, relating the saint’s imprisonment and trial at Alexandria under Armenios, his tortures and miraculous recoveries, a journey into heaven to be greeted by the saints, as well as his eventual transport to the south of Egypt for further trial south of Antinoopolis (Middle Egypt); written presumably in the 6th/7th c. | E05283 | The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions several shrines and festivals of saints at Sykeon and other places in Anatolia, the Holy Land, and Constantinople. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s. | E05291 | The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619) is written by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, recounting the life, ascetic feats, and miracles of its hero, and the foundation of the monastic centre of Sykeon in Galatia (central Asia Minor). The text mentions several shrines and festivals of saints in cities and villages of Asia Minor, and also in Constantinople and the Holy Land. Written in Greek at Sykeon, in the 640s. Overview entry | E05349 | The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions several festivals of saints, including processions, night vigils and the celebration of the Eucharist, celebrated in the 6th and 7th centuries at Iouliopolis, Germia and Sykeon (all in central Asia Minor), and in Constantinople. Written at Sykeon, in the 640s. | E05352 | The Greek Life of *Theodoros (ascetic and abbot of Sykeon, ob. 613, S01619), by Eleusios-Georgios of Sykeon, mentions pilgrimage visits by its hero to the Anatolian shrines of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) at Heraclea of Pontus and Sozopolis of Pisidia, *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Germia, and *Autonomos (martyr of Nicomedia, S00016) in Bithynia. Some of these visits are described as vows. Written at Sykeon (central Asia Minor), in the 640s. | E05395 | Coptic Martyrdom of Apa *Sarapion (S02038): a wealthy young man from Panephosi (Lower Egypt) is tried at different locations, among them Antinoopolis (Middle Egypt), repeatedly tortured, but healed and protected by *Michael, the Archangel (S00181); he effects numerous miracles, resulting in mass confessions of faith and 4,262 martyrdoms along the way; prior to his death, the saint is promised two shrines with healing cult, one at his hometown, one at the site of his martyrdom and burial, complete with consecration date (5 September) and feast day (22 January) celebrations. Written sometime during the 7th c. | E05442 | Coptic funerary inscription from Wadi Sarga (Upper Egypt), with an invocation of *Michael (S00181), *Gabriel (S00192), *Mary (S00033), the *Apostles (S00084), *Anoup (the monk and monastic founder,S00774, or the saint with cult at Wadi Sarga, S02068), Apa *Thomas (S01695), and Apa *Paese (S02067); datable to the 7th/8th century. | E05666 | John Malalas, in his Chronographia (4.9), recounts that the emperor Constantine the Great, after a dream vision, founded the shrine of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) of Sosthenion on the European side of the Bosphorus, near Constantinople, on the site of a pagan shrine. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c. | E05706 | Coptic letter from Jeme (Upper Egypt) concerning a donation made to *Michael the Archangel (S00181); datable to the 7th century. | E05733 | John Malalas, in his Chronographia (16.16), within his account of naval confrontations between the emperor Anastasius and the rebellious general Vitalian in 515, mentions the shrines of *Thekla (martyr and companion of Paul, S00092) at Sykai, *Mamas (martyr of Kaisareia/Caesarea, S00436), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) at Sosthenion; all on the European shores of the Bosphorus, close to Constantinople. Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c. | E05735 | John Malalas in his Chronographia (Book 17), in an account of events in Antioch (Syria) in the early 6th century, mentions the local shrines of *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), unnamed *Prophets (S00139), *Zachariah (probably the father of John the Baptist, S00597, or the Old Testament Prophet, S00283), and *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers and physician martyrs, S00385), as well as a Gate of *Ioulianos (martyr of Cilicia buried at Antioch, S00305). Written in Greek at Antioch or Constantinople, in the mid-6th c. | E05749 | John Malalas, in his Chronographia (18.148), mentions that, in October 563, the emperor Justinian went on pilgrimage to the shrine of the *Angels (S00723; S00181) in Germia (Galatia, central Asia Minor). Written in Greek at Antioch (Syria) or Constantinople, in the late 560s. | E05859 | The Calendar of Willibrord, in its earliest version, records the feasts of various saints in September. Written in Latin at Echternach, Frisia (north-east Gaul), 703/710. | E05928 | Coptic document from Jeme (Upper Egypt) relating the details of a contract to train a camel for one year, from the feast of *Michael (presumably the Archangel, S00181) to the same feast the following year; datable around 710/720. | E05984 | Coptic ostracon from Deir el-Bahari (Upper Egypt) with an agreement over a work to be done by the feast of Apa *Michael (presumably the Archangel, S00181); datable to the beginning of the 7th century. | E05991 | Coptic ostracon from Deir el-Bahari (Upper Egypt) with a list of saints or rather institutions dedicated to saints, such as *Mary (presumably Mary, mother of Christ, S00033), Apa *Michael (presumably the Archangel, S00181), and Apa Biktor (possibly Viktor, son of Romanos, S00749), possibly also one to *Mena (presumably Menas, soldier and martyr celebrated at Abu Mena); datable to the 7th century. | E06048 | Mosaics from the 6th c. depicting Apollinaris (bishop and martyr of Ravenna, S00331), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Matthew (the Apostle and Evangelist), possibly *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) and several holy bishops of Ravenna in Sant'Apollinare in Classe (near Ravenna, northern Italy), datable 533/549. | E06049 | The mosaics of the church of San Michele in Africisco in Ravenna (northern Italy), consecrated in 545, depict in the apse Christ flanked by the Archangels *Michael and *Gabriel (S00181 and S00192), and, on either side of the apse, *Cosmas/Kosmas and Damianus (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385). The mosaics were detached in 1844, and comprehensively 'restored' for display in what is now the Museum für byzantinische Kunst in Berlin. | E06095 | The will of Bertram/Bertrand, bishop of Le Mans, of 27 March 616, establishes as the bishop's heirs two churches at Le Mans (north-west Gaul), one dedicated to *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), the other to the Apostles *Peter and *Paul (S00036 and S00008), which Bertram himself had built; and makes provisions concerning numerous properties across Gaul, including churches associated with various saints, mostly in or around Le Mans. Written in Latin at Le Mans. | E06147 | The Greek Martyrdom of *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), tells the story of a young soldier, and his companion martyrs, who defies the wicked pagan king Dadianos, is tortured and killed three times and thrice resurrected by Christ, and finally martyred after converting many followers, banishing the demon Apollon. Written probably either in Diospolis/Lydda (Palestine) or in Alexandria or elsewhere in the East, probably originally in the 5th c., with at least two successive major revisions in the 5th-7th c. | E06284 | TheLatin Life of *Caprasius (monk of Lérins, ob. c. 434, S00582) is written in Gaul; often considered to be 7th-century in date, but probably 9th century or later. | E06310 | Coptic invocation possibly from Panopolis (Upper Egypt) addressing* Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Gabriel (the Archangel, S00192), *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00030), *Zechariah (presumably the father of John the Baptist, S00597) and *5400 Martyrs (unnamed, S00060) to cause someone physical harm; datable to the end of the 4th/beginning of the 5th century. | E06320 | Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 2.1) of 591, to Petrus, papal notary, mentions a monastery of an unnamed Archangel (probably *Michael, S00181) in Tropeae (Calabria, southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome. | E06359 | Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 5.50) of 595, to Fortunatus, bishop of Naples, mentions the abbot of a monastery of Saint *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050), and an oratory dedicated to *Peter (the Apostle, S00008) and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), both presumably in the diocese of Naples (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome. | E06402 | Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 9.173) of 599, to Fantinus, defensor of the papal patrimony in Sicily, seeks the recovery of property of the abbot of two monasteries, one dedicated to the Archangel (presumably *Michael, S00181), the other to *Erasmus (bishop of Antioch and martyr of Formia, S00867), *Maximus (probably the bishop of Naples, ob. c. 361, S02171) and *Juliana (martyr of Nicomedia, buried at Pozzuoli/Cumae, S01162); both monasteries presumably in Naples (southern Italy). Written in Latin in Rome. | E06412 | Gregory the Great in a papal letter (Register 10.5) of 600, to Gudiscalc, dux of Campania, complains at his mistreatment of a monastery dedicated to an unnamed Archangel (probably *Michael, S00181), somewhere in southern Italy. Written in Latin in Rome. | E06492 | The Latin Life of *Rusticula, also known as Marcia (abbess of Arles, ob. 627/632, S02433), is written by the presbyter Florentius; it recounts her pious childhood, her many years as abbess of the monastery of saint John at Arles (southern Gaul), her political travails, and several lifetime and posthumous miracles. Written in southern Gaul, c. 627/640. Overview entry. | E06525 | Greek building inscription commemorating the dedication of a pulpit/ambo to ‘the glory and praise’ of the Archangel *Michael (S00181). Found at Troizen (north-east Peloponnese). Probably 5th-7th c. | E06589 | The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in September. | E06814 | Coptic receipt from Hermopolis (Middle Egypt), issued by the dikaion of a monastery dedicated to *Michael, the Archangel (S00181); datable to the 7th/8th century. | E06820 | Coptic manuscript from the monastery of the Archangel Michael near Hamouli in the Fayum, relating the elevated status and function of *Michael, the Archangel (S00181); most likely written during the 6th century. Skeleton entry | E06887 | List of subscriptions documenting foundations dedicated to saints in Constantinople, Syria, and Palestine, preserved in a petition to Pope Agapitus I from eastern monks. Written in Greek in Constantinople in 536. | E06998 | The De Locis Sanctis, a guide to the graves of the martyrs around Rome, lists those on the via Salaria nova, north-east of the city. Written in Latin in Rome, 642/683. | E07001 | The De Locis Sanctis, a guide to the martyrs' burials around Rome, is followed by an Appendix listing 21 churches dedicated to saints within the Aurelianic walls of Rome. Written in Latin in Rome, certainly after 625 and before 790, possibly in 642/683. | E07011 | Coptic Sermon on *Michael (the Archangel S00181), attributed to John of Parallos (c. 600), written in the late 6th/early 7th century. Skeleton entry | E07051 | Coptic account of *Eudoxia (fictive sister of Constantine, S02742) and her mission to discover the tomb of Christ following the accession of Constantine, mentioning the help of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), possibly from the Monastery of Saint John the Baptist near Abydos (Upper Egypt); written most likely in the 7th century. Skeleton entry | E07118 | Avitus of Vienne delivers a homily (Homily 17) on the occasion of the dedication of a church of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), probably in Lyon (south-east Gaul). Delivered in Latin, probably at Lyon in 494/506. | E07771 | Gregory of Tours, in his Histories (6.29), describes how a dying nun at the monastery of Radegund at Poitiers had a vision of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), whose presence was confirmed by a possessed man, c. 583. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 583/594. | E07869 | The epitaph of Queen Caretena of the Burgundians, written in Latin in 506, records that she was buried in a church which she had founded. It was included in a collection of epitaphs, compiled at an unknown point between the early 7th and mid 9th century, where the heading states that the church was in Lyon (south-east Gaul) and was dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). | E07969 | The Paschal Chronicle records that when the emperor Phocas was deposed in 610, he was seized in an oratory of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) within the palace in Constantinople. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630. | E07971 | The Paschal Chronicle records that in 623 churches of *Kosmas and Damianos (brothers, physician martyrs of Syria, S00385) and of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in the suburbs of Constantinople were plundered by the Avars. Written in Greek at Constantinople, c. 630. | E08000 | The Latin Life of *Rusticula (abbess of Arles, ob. 627/632, S02433) describes how Rusticula dedicated a basilica in Arles (southern Gaul) first to the Cross, then to *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), and dedicated altars in a separate building to the Cross, and to the archangels *Gabriel and *Raphael (S00192, S00481), the Apostle *Thomas (S00199), and the martyrs *Sebastianus (martyr of Rome, S00400), *Mauricius (martyr of the Theban Legion, S00339), and *Pontius (martyr of Cimiez, S01486). Written in southern Gaul, c. 627/640. | E08051 | The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6061) refers to a church dedicated to *Michael (the Archangel. S00181) near the Sophianai palace in Constantinople during the reign of Justin II (565-578). Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts | E08112 | The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (AM 6055) mentions the chapel of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) in the palace at Constantinople, in relation to a conspiracy against the emperor Justinian in 562. Chronicle compiled in the Byzantine Empire in the early 9th c., using extracts from earlier Greek texts. | E08263 | Latin inscription recording the deposition of relics of *Maxima, Donatilla and Secunda (virgins and martyrs of Thuburbo, S01812), and the presence of relics of *Vincentius (deacon and martyr of Zaragoza and Valencia, S00290) and *Crispina (of Thagora, martyred at Theveste, S00905); with invocation of the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192). Found near Theveste (Numidia, central North Africa). Probably 6th c. | E08315 | 35 relic labels at Sens (northern Gaul), datable by their script to the 7th or 8th c., for relics of a great diversity of saints. Written in Latin, perhaps at Sens, or at an earlier stage in their transmission. | E08335 | The Bobbio Missal compiles liturgical texts for the celebration of saints' feasts throughout the year. Written in Latin in south-east Gaul, perhaps at or near Vienne, c. 675/725. | E08343 | The coffin of *Cuthbert (bishop and anchorite of Lindisfarne, ob. 687, S01955) is constructed of oak and decorated with images of the archangels, apostles, evangelists and *Mary (mother of Christ, S00033), whose names are inscribed in Latin (some with runic letters). Made for the saint's translation at Lindisfarne, 698. | E08361 | Fourteen relic labels discovered within the Sancta Sanctorum of the Lateran church of San Lorenzo in Palatio (Rome), datable by their script to the 7th or 8th c., for relics of various saints. One label claims that its relics have come from the monastery of Lérins (southern Gaul). Written in Latin, perhaps at Rome, or at an earlier stage in their transmission. | E08505 | The Latin Life of *Rusticula (abbess of Arles, ob. 627/632, S02433) describes Rusticula's visions of *Lucia (virgin and martyr of Syracuse, S00846), Melania (*Melania the Elder, S01185, or *Melania the Younger, S01134, ascetics in Rome and Jerusalem), and *Michael (the Archangel, S00181). Written in southern Gaul, c. 627/640. | E08518 | Eustratius, in his Life of *Eutychios (patriarch of Constantinople, ob. 582,S01383), tells how a mosaic-worker of Amaseia (northern Asia Minor), while removing a mosaic of Aphrodite, in order to turn a room of a private house into a chapel of *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033) - with a chapel of *Michael (the Archangel, S00181) above it - was afflicted in his hand by a demon residing within the mosaic; going to Eutychios, the mosaicist is cured, and then sets up an image (εἰκόνα) of his deliverer in the house where the incident occurred. Written in Greek in 583, or soon after. |
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